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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 493-502 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Quantitative genetics ; selection index ; size of cross progenies ; pedigree method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The response to selection is determined by the genetic and nongenetic variance, the selection intensity, and the size of the experiments. If, in pure line breeding, selection starts in segregating generations, the gain depends on the relation of additive to epistatic variance. The gain can be increased if an index is constructed using the information from relatives. From animal breeding this kind of selection is known as combined selection. In this paper the optimal number of families and subfamilies is determined that will maximise the selection response by combined selection for a fixed total size of experiments. The composition of the genetic variance has a imited influence on the optimal size of the progenies. If epistatic variance is important, then the number of F2 families has to be reduced and the number of F3 families and F4 families must be increased. The same is true if the nongenetic variance is increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 447-454 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Self-fertilizing crops ; quantitative genetics ; selection index ; size of cross progenies ; combined selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In autogamous species the optimum number of families is calculated for a selection program in two stages conducted in segregating generations. The influence of epistasis is not large. In case of much epistasis the number of families at the first stage must be reduced. In comparison with selection in later generations the second stage is relatively important. Two stage selection is more efficient than combined selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 453-456 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Self fertilizing crops ; vegetatively propagated crops ; number of crosses ; size of cross progenies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary This short paper discusses the optimum number of crosses and size of progenies for a given total population size to minimize the risk of not finding any favourable genotype in the breeding material. It is shown that the number of crosses must generally be as large as possible. In special situations it may be advantageous to include also less promising crosses instead of enlarging the progenies of more promising crosses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 182 (1977), S. 165-176 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chromatophores ; Light-sensitivity ; Granule motion ; Echinoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alterations in cell shape of the light-sensitive chromatophores of Centrostephanus longispinus are described. Upon illumination a centrifugal pigment movement starts within extremely thin filopodia which radiate from the cell body. With continued pigment migration the cellular processes increase in length and diameter and give the cell an irregular stellate appearance. Pigment movement within the cellular processes is discontinuous in space and time and may occur independently in single filopodia. The motion of single granules shows characteristic features of a saltatory movement.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 206 (1980), S. 21-33 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chromatophores ; Light-sensitivity ; Alteration in cell shape ; Microtubules ; Echinoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alterations in cell shape of the light-sensitive chromatophores of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus were studied by scanning- and transmission electron microscopy. Transition of the aggregated to the dispersed state is accompanied by incorporation of vesicles into the membrane of the pigment cell. During dispersion a system of microtubules originating from centriole-like structures is established throughout the stellate cell. Within restricted areas of the cell, cytoplasmic differentiation and condensation is found. The possible functional significance of the findings is briefly discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 148 (1974), S. 437-440 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Amoeboid pigment cell ; Colour change ; Echinoidea ; Light-sensitivity ; Interference contrast microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pigment cells isolated from the epithelium of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus display light-sensitivity in the same manner as in normal tissue. In complete darkness they have a round to ovoid shape. On illumination a successive extension of pigment-bearing processes can be observed. Darkness leads to a successive retraction of the pseudopodia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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