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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rat liver fat-storing cell lines express sarcomeric myosin heavy chain mRNA and protein (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 26 (1993), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: lipocytes ; liver cirrhosis ; myofibroblasts ; myosin gene ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fat-storing cells (FSC, lipocytes, or Ito cells) of liver store vitamin A and are the main producers of extracellular matrix in normal and cirrhotic liver. During liver injury, FSC undergo an activation process characterized by a decrease in vitamin A storage and an increase in cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. This activation process also occurs upon culturing FSC from normal liver. In contrast to most cells of nonmuscle origin, activated FSC express two cytoskeletal proteins normally found in muscle, desmin, and smooth muscle α-actin. Based on their strategic perisinusoidal location, it has been hypothesized that FSC play a role in regulating blood flow. However, the nature of the contractile elements involved in this process remains to be determined. In this communication we demonstrate the presence of a sarcomeric myosin in proteins solubilized from liver biomatrix. In addition we demonstrate the expression of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA and protein in two FSC clones derived from a CCl4-cirrhotic rat liver (CFSC). Through cloning the cDNA corresponding to the MHC gene expressed in these cells we demonstrate that it encodes fast IId skeletal MHC and thus represents a marker normally seen in adult muscle. The unexpected expression of an adult stage skeletal muscle molecular motor in FSC from cirrhotic liver is consistent with the proposed specialized contractile capacity of these cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970260204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatin and microtubule morphology during the first cell cycle in bovine zygotes (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 36 (1993), S. 23-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm ; Aster ; Bovine ; Centrosome ; Polyspermy ; Adrogenote ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Chromatin and microtubule configurations during the first cell cycle of bovine zygotes were analyzed by DNA staining and microtubule immunolocalization using an IVM/IVF system and oocytes matured and fertilized in vivo, in order to investigate the origin of the active centrosome and to characterize the nuclear and the cytoplasmic changes following bovine fertilization. Our results suggest that the paternal centrosome is active during early zygotic development, forming a conspicuous sperm aster soon after fertilization. We also report that polyspermy in bovine eggs, leads to the formation of numerous sperm asters with different degrees of association with the chromatin. The maternal structures in both monospermic and polyspermic zygotes can be lost or degenerate. Consequently, these cells may resume the first cell cycle as androgenotes, very often with several types of mitotic activity taking place in different regions of the cell cytoplasm at the same time. As indicated by a comparison of monospermic and polyspermic fertilization rates to rates of development, it is possible that some androgenetic embryos cleave and develop to the blastocyst stage. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080360105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatin and microtubule organization in the first cell cycle in rabbit parthenotes and nuclear transplant embryos (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 34 (1993), S. 33-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Spindle ; Oocyte ; Mammalian ; Centrosome ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Artificial activation and nuclear transfer in rabbit oocytes have been used in past years in an attempt to develop viable techniques for cloning in cattle. The procedures established in our laboratory, using the rabbit as a model, consistently lead to high rates of development to the blastocyst stage. However, the rate of embryos developing to term is considerably lower. In the present study, we undertook a detailed immunocytochemical study of the patterns of both microtubules and chromatin during the first cell cycle of electrical pulse-activated oocytes and of nuclear transfer embryos. Our goal was to investigate the responses of the cell to the different stimuli applied and to establish the sequence of events leading to first cleavage in the absence of normal fertilization. Our results show that, in both electrically activated oocytes and nuclear transfer embryos, although the initial development patterns are rather unusual, embryos become synchronized at the time of the formation of a pronuclear-like structure, and then organize metaphase spindles and cleave. These spindles consistently present small defects, suggesting that problems in the formation of the mitotic apparatus during the first cell cycle may have a long-term effect leading to embryo mortality. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080340106
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