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  • 1
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    Crosstalk between p38, Hsp25 and Akt in spinal motor neurons after sciatic nerve injury (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The p38 stress-activated protein kinase pathway is involved in regulation of phosphorylation of Hsp25, which in turn regulates actin filament dynamic in non-neuronal cells. We report that p38, Hsp25 and Akt signaling pathways were specifically activated in spinal motor neurons after sciatic nerve axotomy. The activation of the p38 kinase was required for induction of Hsp25 expression. Furthermore, Hsp25 formed a complex with Akt, a member of PI-3 kinase pathway that prevents neuronal cell death. Together, our observations implicate Hsp25 as a central player in a complex system of signaling that may both promote regeneration of nerve fibers and prevent neuronal cell death in the injured spinal cord.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Brain research. Molecular brain research (ISSN 0169-328X); Volume 93; 2; 199-208
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Distinct abscisic acid signaling pathways for modulation of guard cell versus mesophyll cell potassium channels revealed by expression studies in Xenopus laevis oocytes (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Regulation of guard cell ion transport by abscisic acid (ABA) and in particular ABA inhibition of a guard cell inward K(+) current (I(Kin)) is well documented. However, little is known concerning ABA effects on ion transport in other plant cell types. Here we applied patch clamp techniques to mesophyll cell protoplasts of fava bean (Vicia faba cv Long Pod) plants and demonstrated ABA inhibition of an outward K(+) current (I(Kout)). When mesophyll cell protoplast mRNA (mesophyll mRNA) was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, I(Kout) was generated that displayed similar properties to I(Kout) observed from direct analysis of mesophyll cell protoplasts. I(Kout) expressed by mesophyll mRNA-injected oocytes was inhibited by ABA, indicating that the ABA signal transduction pathway observed in mesophyll cells was preserved in the frog oocytes. Co-injection of oocytes with guard cell protoplast mRNA and cRNA for KAT1, an inward K(+) channel expressed in guard cells, resulted in I(Kin) that was similarly inhibited by ABA. However, oocytes co-injected with mesophyll mRNA and KAT1 cRNA produced I(Kin) that was not inhibited by ABA. These results demonstrate that the mesophyll-encoded signaling mechanism could not substitute for the guard cell pathway. These findings indicate that mesophyll cells and guard cells use distinct and different receptor types and/or signal transduction pathways in ABA regulation of K(+) channels.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Plant physiology (ISSN 0032-0889); Volume 124; 1; 223-30
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Therapeutic potential of implanted tissue-engineered bioartificial muscles delivering recombinant proteins to the sheep heart (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Tissue-engineered primary adult sheep muscle cells genetically engineered to express either rhVEGF or rhIGF-1 secreted the bioactive proteins locally in the sheep heart for at least 30 days.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (ISSN 0077-8923); 961; 78-82
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  • 4
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    Allograft tolerance induced by donor apoptotic lymphocytes requires phagocytosis in the recipient (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Cell death through apoptosis plays a critical role in regulating cellular homeostasis. Whether the disposal of apoptotic cells through phagocytosis can actively induce immune tolerance in vivo, however, remains controversial. Here, we report in a rat model that without using immunosuppressants, transfusion of apoptotic splenocytes from the donor strain prior to transplant dramatically prolonged survival of heart allografts. Histological analysis verified that rejection signs were significantly ameliorated. Splenocytes from rats transfused with donor apoptotic cells showed a dramatically decreased response to donor lymphocyte stimulation. Most importantly, blockade of phagocytosis in vivo, either with gadolinium chloride to disrupt phagocyte function or with annexin V to block binding of exposed phosphotidylserine to its receptor on phagocytes, abolished the beneficial effect of transfused apoptotic cells on heart allograft survival. Our results demonstrate that donor apoptotic cells promote specific allograft acceptance and that phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in vivo plays a crucial role in maintaining immune tolerance.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Cell death and differentiation (ISSN 1350-9047); 11; 12; 1258-64
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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