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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical polymerization and copolymerization behavior of 1-cyanoethanoyl-4-acryloylthiosemicarbzide (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 7 (2000), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Functional monomers ; Polymerization ; Copolymerization ; Kinetic studies ; Reactivity ratios
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 1-Cyanoethanoyl-4-acryloylthiosemicarbazide (CEATS) was synthesized for the first time as a new chelating monomer. Its structure was confirmed by both elemental and spectral analyses. Radical polymerization and copolymerization of CEATS was been carried out in dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. Kinetic studies for the polymerization behavior of CEATS were performed. The complex formation of the CEATS monomer and polymer (PCEATS) with Cu II cation was investigated and its stability constant determined. The rate of copolymerization of CEATS with some conventional monomers, namely vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile, was measured as a function of the mole fraction of the monomers. The reactivity ratios (r1, r2) for the various copolymer systems investigated together with the Q and e values of the CEATS monomer were determined. Moreover, the thermal gravimetric analysis of the prepared polymers and their copolymers with acrylonitrile were also studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0124-x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Parallel characterization of anaerobic toluene- and ethylbenzene-degrading microbial consortia by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, RNA-DNA membrane hybridization, and DNA microarray technology (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A mesophilic toluene-degrading consortium (TDC) and an ethylbenzene-degrading consortium (EDC) were established under sulfate-reducing conditions. These consortia were first characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments, followed by sequencing. The sequences of the major bands (T-1 and E-2) belonging to TDC and EDC, respectively, were affiliated with the family Desulfobacteriaceae. Another major band from EDC (E-1) was related to an uncultured non-sulfate-reducing soil bacterium. Oligonucleotide probes specific for the 16S rRNAs of target organisms corresponding to T-1, E-1, and E-2 were designed, and hybridization conditions were optimized for two analytical formats, membrane and DNA microarray hybridization. Both formats were used to characterize the TDC and EDC, and the results of both were consistent with DGGE analysis. In order to assess the utility of the microarray format for analysis of environmental samples, oil-contaminated sediments from the coast of Kuwait were analyzed. The DNA microarray successfully detected bacterial nucleic acids from these samples, but probes targeting specific groups of sulfate-reducing bacteria did not give positive signals. The results of this study demonstrate the limitations and the potential utility of DNA microarrays for microbial community analysis.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied and environmental microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240); Volume 68; 7; 3215-25
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Direct profiling of environmental microbial populations by thermal dissociation analysis of native rRNAs hybridized to oligonucleotide microarrays (2003)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Oligonucleotide microarrays were used to profile directly extracted rRNA from environmental microbial populations without PCR amplification. In our initial inspection of two distinct estuarine study sites, the hybridization patterns were reproducible and varied between estuarine sediments of differing salinities. The determination of a thermal dissociation curve (i.e., melting profile) for each probe-target duplex provided information on hybridization specificity, which is essential for confirming adequate discrimination between target and nontarget sequences.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied and environmental microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240); Volume 69; 4; 2377-82
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Optimization of single-base-pair mismatch discrimination in oligonucleotide microarrays (2003)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The discrimination between perfect-match and single-base-pair-mismatched nucleic acid duplexes was investigated by using oligonucleotide DNA microarrays and nonequilibrium dissociation rates (melting profiles). DNA and RNA versions of two synthetic targets corresponding to the 16S rRNA sequences of Staphylococcus epidermidis (38 nucleotides) and Nitrosomonas eutropha (39 nucleotides) were hybridized to perfect-match probes (18-mer and 19-mer) and to a set of probes having all possible single-base-pair mismatches. The melting profiles of all probe-target duplexes were determined in parallel by using an imposed temperature step gradient. We derived an optimum wash temperature for each probe and target by using a simple formula to calculate a discrimination index for each temperature of the step gradient. This optimum corresponded to the output of an independent analysis using a customized neural network program. These results together provide an experimental and analytical framework for optimizing mismatch discrimination among all probes on a DNA microarray.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied and environmental microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240); Volume 69; 5; 2848-56
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Single-base-pair discrimination of terminal mismatches by using oligonucleotide microarrays and neural network analyses (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The effects of single-base-pair near-terminal and terminal mismatches on the dissociation temperature (T(d)) and signal intensity of short DNA duplexes were determined by using oligonucleotide microarrays and neural network (NN) analyses. Two perfect-match probes and 29 probes having a single-base-pair mismatch at positions 1 to 5 from the 5' terminus of the probe were designed to target one of two short sequences representing 16S rRNA. Nonequilibrium dissociation rates (i.e., melting profiles) of all probe-target duplexes were determined simultaneously. Analysis of variance revealed that position of the mismatch, type of mismatch, and formamide concentration significantly affected the T(d) and signal intensity. Increasing the concentration of formamide in the washing buffer decreased the T(d) and signal intensity, and it decreased the variability of the signal. Although T(d)s of probe-target duplexes with mismatches in the first or second position were not significantly different from one another, duplexes with mismatches in the third to fifth positions had significantly lower T(d)s than those with mismatches in the first or second position. The trained NNs predicted the T(d) with high accuracies (R(2) = 0.93). However, the NNs predicted the signal intensity only moderately accurately (R(2) = 0.67), presumably due to increased noise in the signal intensity at low formamide concentrations. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the concentration of formamide explained most (75%) of the variability in T(d)s, followed by position of the mismatch (19%) and type of mismatch (6%). The results suggest that position of the mismatch at or near the 5' terminus plays a greater role in determining the T(d) and signal intensity of duplexes than the type of mismatch.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Applied and environmental microbiology (ISSN 0099-2240); Volume 68; 1; 235-44
    Format: text
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