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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of a monoene and a conjugated diene sex pheromone component of the lightbrown apple moth by Δ11 desaturation (1990)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; biosynthesis ; Lepidoptera ; Epiphyas postvittana ; deuterium-labelling ; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E,E)-9,11-tetradecadienyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fatty acyl moieties present in the female sex pheromone gland of the lightbrown apple moth,Epiphyas postvittana, include the analogues of the two sex pheromone components, (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (E,E)-9,11-tetradecadienyl acetate. Application of deuterium-labelled fatty acids followed by analysis by gas chromatographymass spectrometry showed that biosynthesis of the two pheromone components involved initial Δ11-desaturation of myristic and palmitic acids respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951762
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethological function of components of a sex attractant system for oriental fruit moth males,Grapholitha molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 1 (1975), S. 475-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Tortricidae ; Grapholitha molesta ; Oriental fruit moth ; sex pheromone ; attractant ; Synergist ; hairpencil ; aphrodisiac ; cis-8-dodecenylacetate ; trans-8-dodecenylacetate ; dodecylalcohol ; cis-8-dodecen-1-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Field studies of male Oriental fruit moth,Grapholitha molesta (Busck), behavior indicated that a mixture of cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (c8-12∶Ac) and ca. 7% trans-8-dodecenyl acetate (t8-12∶Ac) was requisite for upwind anemotaxis. The simultaneous emission of dodecyl alcohol (12∶OH) and the attractant blend of c8-12∶Ac containing ca. 7% t8-12∶Ac elicited a behavioral repertoire including close-range orientation, landing near the chemical source, wing fanning, and extrusion of the males' abdominal hairpencils in precopulatory display. The effect of 12∶OH in increasing trap catches was, therefore, not due to its effect on upwind anemotaxis, but rather to its importance in eliciting landing and other close-range precopulatory behavior. Interestingly, cis-8-dodecen-1-ol in extremely low ratios to the attractants (1∶333) appeared to duplicate the activity of 12∶OH used in ratios of 3∶1 to the attractants. Laboratory observations of mating sequences revealed that male hairpencil eversion always preceded copulation. The evidence supports a male response sequence based on specific component combinations and concentrations eliciting successive behavioral steps rather than a response hierarchy dependent on increases in concentration of a single chemical or blend. Additionally, the closeness of the males' approach to c8-12:Ac containing ca. 7% t8-12:Ac was optimal at a discrete emission rate, and male responses were diminished within 30–60 sec after the males' arrival at the attractant source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988588
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of sex pheromone of tomato pinworm,Keiferia lycopersicella (Wals.) (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; Keiferia lycopersicella ; tomato pinworm ; Lepidoptera ; Gelechiidae ; (E)-4-tridecenyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A sex pheromone produced by femaleKeiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham) was isolated and identified as (E)-4-tridecenyl acetate, based on chemical analyses, electroantennogram assays, and field trapping in California and Florida. Males were captured equally well in traps baited with (E)-4-tridecenyl acetate alone or a variety of (Z)- and (E)-4-tridecenyl acetate blends, although theZ isomer was not detected in extracts of female glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994431
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone components of the obliquebanded leafroller moth,Choristoneura rosaceana (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 3-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; Choristoneura rosaceana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; obliquebanded leafroller ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate ; (E)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol ; (E)-11-− tetradecen-1-ol ; (Z)-11-tetradecenal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Previously, (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate was reported as the sex pheromone of the obliquebanded leafroller,Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). A mixture of 92% (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate and 8% (E)-tetradecen-1-yl acetate has been reported as an attractant for this insect. (E)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate and (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol have now been isolated and identified from female tip extracts and shown to be behaviorally active; in addition, there is some evidence for the presence of (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol in these extracts. TheZ∶E ratio for both the acetates and the alcohols in these tip extracts was about 98∶2; the proportion of alcohols was rather variable, but the acetates always predominated. Maximum trap catches fn the field during the course of this study were obtained with 5 mg of 95∶5 (Z)∶(E)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetates containing 0.5–10% (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (approx. 1%Eisomer) in polyethylene caps. No evidence was found for the presence of (Z)-11-tetradecenal in female tip extracts, and this compound was found to be ineffective in increasing trap catches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987683
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hairpencil pheromone components of male oriental fruit moths,Grapholitha molesta (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 947-959 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Hairpencil ; pheromone ; Grapholitha molesta ; Lipidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Oriental fruit moth ; ethyltrans-cinnamate ; mellein ; methyl jasmonate ; methyl 2-epijasmonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract MaleGrapholitha molesta hairpencil components are ethyltrans-cinnamate, mellein, methyl jasmonate, and methyl 2-epijasmonate. The natural behavioral effect elicited by hairpencil-displaying males during courtship in attracting sex-pheromone-releasing females from several centimeters away can be duplicated by mixtures of ethyltrans-cinnamate in various combinations with the other components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987661
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative analysis of sex-pheromone-response antagonists in three races of European corn borer (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 863-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: European com borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; Pyralidae ; Lepidoptera ; (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate ; pheromone ; flight tunnel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral responses of males from three New York races of European corn borer,Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), to various suspected sexpheromone-response antagonists were investigated with a flight tunnel protocol. Males from a bivoltine (Z) race and from a univoltine (Z) race utilizing a natural pheromone blend of 98∶2 (Z)-∶(E)-11-tetradecenyl acetates and males from a bivoltine (E) race utilizing a 1∶99 (Z)-∶(E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ratio were flown to their natural blends and to blends containing 1 % of one of the following additional compounds: Z9–12∶OAc,E9–12∶OAc,Z9–14∶OAc, andE9–14∶OAc. In each race, the added components lowered significantly the number of individuals completing the behavioral sequence. The only exception was bivoltineE males flown to a blend withE9–12∶OAc added. The number completing the sequence in this case was statistically not significantly lower than the number that completed the sequence to the standard blend. In all three races, theZ9–14∶OAc produced the most dramatic reduction in completed flights, and in the univoltineZ race, this added component was significantly more effective in reducing completed flights than any other added component. The response to the Z9–14∶OAc is understandable given recently published findings of an electrophysiological study of single sensilla in the European corn borer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01015182
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone of the black cutworm moth,Agrotis ipsilon (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 439-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Insect sex pheromone ; insect attractant ; Agrotis ipsilon ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; black cutworm moth ; Cucullia intermedia ; (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate ; (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (Z)-7-Dodecen-1-yl acetate (I) and (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate (II) have been identified as sex pheromone components of the black cutworm moth,Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel). They are emitted by the female in approximately a 5∶1 ratio. Differential saturation studies with male antennae suggest that there are two different acceptor sites for the two pheromone components. The most effective lures found in field trapping tests were 30 μg of I plus 10 μg of II on a rubber septum, and a 3∶1 mixture of I and II dispensed from a 0.2-mm-ID glass capillary tube sealed at one end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987929
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone of the woodbine leafroller moth,Sparganothis sp. (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 797-804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; Sparganothis ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol ; (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ylacetate ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ylacetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone of the woodbine leafroller,Sparganothis sp., includes (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, and (E)-11-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, based on chemical analysis of gland extracts, electroantennogram tests, and field trapping. Highest trap catches were obtained when these compounds were dispensed in the relative proportions observed in the female gland. (Z)-11-Tetradecen-1-yl acetate also was found in gland extracts, but significantly reduced trap catches. The saturated compounds tetradecan-1-ol and tetradecan-1-yl acetate were found in gland extracts as well, but were not tested. The amounts of these compounds per female gland were 127, 93, 17, 20, 25, and 3 ng, in the order named.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990404
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of sex pheromone components of jack pine budworm,Choristoneura pinus pinus freeman (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 159-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Choristoneura pinus pinus ; jack pine budworm ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; (E,Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E,Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol ; sex pheromone ; sex attractant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemical identification and field-trapping experiments have shown that a blend of 85∶15 (E,Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetates and 85∶15 (E,Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ols (in a 9∶1 ratio) are female sex pheromone components for jack pine budworm,Choristoneura pinus pinus. This blend of chemicals, formulated in PVC (0.1 %, w/w) sources is as effective a trap bait as virgin females. Preliminary wind tunnel observations have indicated that this blend, effective as a trap bait, is not equivalent to females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988198
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male moth sensitivity to multicomponent pheromones: Critical role of female-released blend in determining the functional role of components and active space of the pheromone (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 659-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; active space ; Trichopulsia ni ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Argyrotaenia velutinana ; Grapholita molesta ; Tortricidae ; multicomponent pheromones ; sustained-flight tunnel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In the present study male redbanded leafroller (Argyrotaenia velutinana), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), and Oriental fruit moths, (Grapholita molesta), were tested in a flight tunnel to (1) the major pheromone component, (2) theZ/E pheromone component mixtures for Oriental fruit moth and redbanded leafroller, (3) and the female-released blends, over a series of dosages. Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that male response downwind of a female is initiated by the major component and that minor components function only to elicit behaviors close to the female during close-range approach and courtship. The results did not support this hypothesis, but rather showed that males initiated upwind flight in significantly higher percentages to the complete blends of components, at all dosages, compared to single components or partial blends. Addition of minor components also signficantly enhanced male perception of the major component at lower dosages, resulting in completed flights to dosages of the major component that alone did not elicit any upwind flight. Our results support the concept that minor components function to enhance male sensitivity to the pheromone, and the specificity of the signal. Our results also support the hypothesis that the active space of the pheromone is a function of the upper and lower concentration thresholds for the blend of components, and not simply for the major component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012100
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