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  • Larrea tridentata  (2)
  • Desert grassland  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of repeated drought on soil microarthropod communities in the northern Chihuahuan Desert (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 117-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Desert ; Drought ; Larrea tridentata ; Soil microarthropods ; Prosopis glandulosa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Soil microarthropods were sampled in plots centered on creosotebushes (Larrea tridentata) and in plots centered on mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) coppice dunes. Nine plots in each area were covered by rain-out shelters with greenhouse plastic roofs which excluded natural rainfall and nine plots received natural rainfall. There were differences in the abundance of several mite taxa in soils from the mesquite coppice dune plots. Some taxa (Stigmaeidae, Nanorchestidae, and Entomobryidae) occurred in significantly lower numbers in the soils of the drought plots. Other taxa (Tarsonemidae and Cunaxidae) were more abundant in the drought plots in the mesquite coppice dunes. There were no significant differences in the abundance of any of the dominant taxa of soil microarthropods in the drought and control plots centered on creosotebush. In the creosotebush habitat, there were significantly fewer Prostigmata in the plots exposed to drought. In an area with both creosotebush and mesquite, there were no significant differences in microarthropod population responses to drought and in recovery from drought. The differences in responses of soil microarthropods to drought in creosotebush and mesquite habitats are attributed to the differences in soil stability, litter accumulations, and microclimate associated with the shrubs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050471
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil microarthropods as indicators of exposure to environmental stress in Chihuahuan Desert rangelands (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Desertification ; Desert grassland ; Grazing ; Herbicides ; Indicators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  We studied soil microarthropod communities along livestock grazing disturbance gradients, inside and outside grazing exclosures, and on areas subjected to restoration efforts (herbicide and bulldozing) in order to test the suitability of mites as indicators of rangeland soil quality. We found that mite numbers generally increased with decreased grazing disturbance. Soil microarthropods appeared to respond to a complex of factors including soil compaction, depth to an impervious soil layer, below-ground vegetative biomass, and residual effects of herbicide. All of our study plots, except those that had been herbicide treated, were dominated by microbivorous mites of the family Nanorchestidae. The numerical responses of mites, especially nanorchestids, appeared to provide a sensitive indicator of ecosystem health in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050472
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of plant size and water relations on gas exchange and growth of the desert shrub Larrea tridentata (1994)
    Springer
    Oecologia 97 (1994), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Gas-exchange ; Larrea tridentata ; Phenology ; Stomatal conductance ; Water relations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Larrea tridentata is a xerophytic evergreen shrub, dominant in the arid regions of the southwestern United States. We examined relationships between gasexchange characteristics, plant and soil water relations, and growth responses of large versus small shrubs of L. tridentata over the course of a summer growing season in the Chihuahuan Desert of southern New Mexico, USA. The soil wetting front did not reach 0.6 m, and soils at depths of 0.6 and 0.9 m remained dry throughout the summer, suggesting that L. tridentata extracts water largely from soil near the surface. Surface soil layers (〈0.3 m) were drier under large plants, but predawn xylem water potentials were similar for both plant sizes suggesting some access to deeper soil moisture reserves by large plants. Stem elongation rates were about 40% less in large, reproductively active shrubs than in small, reproductively inactive shrubs. Maximal net photosynthetic rates (Pmax) occurred in early summer (21.3 μ mol m-2 s-1), when pre-dawn xylem water potential (XWP) reached ca. -1 MPa. Although both shrub sizes exhibited similar responses to environmental factors, small shrubs recovered faster from short-term drought, when pre-dawn XWP reached about -4.5 MPa and Pmax decreased to only ca. 20% of unstressed levels. Gas exchange measurements yielded a strong relationship between stomatal conductance and photosynthesis, and the relationship between leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit and stomatal conductance was found to be influenced by pre-dawn XWP. Our results indicate that stomatal responses to water stress and vapor pressure deficit are important in determining rates of carbon gain and water loss in L. tridentata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323146
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