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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (19)
  • 1
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    A magnetohydrodynamic model of the interaction of the solar wind with the Jovian magnetosphere and a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the interaction of the solar wind with the out flowing plasma from a comet (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A three-dimensional code for a rapidly rotating magnetosphere in which the MHD equations and the Maxwell equations were solved by using the two step Lax Endroff scheme, was developed. Preliminary results were presented at the Fall AGU meeting in San Francisco. The basic simulation model to study the solar wind interactions was adapted to other bodies in addition to Jupiter. Because of the recent comet flybys, a comet was chosen as the first model. The aim was to model the formation of the contact surface and the plasma tail. Later, work was begun on a three-dimensional model which would include the effects of mass loading. This model was designed to study the weak cometary bow shocks observed by the probes to comets Halley and Giacobini-Zinner. The model was successful in reproducing the position and shape of the bow shock which was determined by using observations from the Suisei spacecraft.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-181114 , NAS 1.26:181114
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Flux transfer events at the Jovian magnetopause (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Recent evidence indicates that magnetic reconnection at the earth's magnetopause may not be a steady process, but rather it is frequently impulsive and limited in spatial extent. These limited reconnection events are called flux transfer events (FTE's). A search has been conducted regarding the magnetic field observations at Jupiter from Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 for evidence of FTE's and 14 possible events were found. The FTE's at Jupiter are associated with northward magnetosheath fields. The electric fields generated by Jovian FTE's are small in comparison with the corotation E field throughout much of the magnetosphere. Thus FTE's are probably not an important source of flow within the Jovian magnetosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 7397-740
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  • 3
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    Some possible effects of Jupiter's rings on the Jovian inner plasmasphere (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ionospheric plasma density on magnetic field lines threading the Jovian rings which are located inside approximately 1.8 Jupiter radii on the jovigraphic equatorial plane is calculated by using a rotating ion exosphere model. It is found that the bulk of the ionospheric particles on these field lines are on ballistic trajectories. On field lines approximately symmetric with respect to the jovigraphic equator, the ring, which to a first approximation would absorb the population of trapped particles, consequently has little effect. On field lines which are made asymmetric by the higher-order multipoles of Jupiter's field and the tilt of the dipole axis, the rings may have a significant effect. It is suggested that better definition of the rings' atmospheric and ionospheric properties is required to model these localized effects. If the rings are found to be an important plasma source for the inner magnetosphere, the present exospheric model will have to be revised.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 4
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    Io and its plasma environment (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The interaction of Io with its plasma torus and the Jovian magnetic field is described and examined in the context of several currently popular models. Three specific matters are addressed. First, features implied by sub-Alfvenic flow which must be common to all models are discussed. Next, the magnetic signature observed near Io by the Goddard Space Flight Center Voyager 1 magnetometer is examined and it is pointed out that the preliminary estimate of 5,000,000 A current may be an overestimate. Good fits are obtained with alternative current distributions which yield currents as small as 700,000 A through Io. The best fits are obtained for an Alfven Mach number of 0.15, but good fits are also found for Alfven Mach numbers between 0.1 and 0.25. Lastly, the crucial role of charged particle data for probing the near Io interaction is pointed out. Published data from the low energy charged particle (LECP) detector are made to suggest that Io has an intrinsic magnetic field of magnitude comparable with earlier estimates. Predictions are made which can test this picture as further data become available.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Nov. 1
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    A possible magnetic wake of Titan - Pioneer 11 observations (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The paper deals with measurements of the magnetic field along the outbound leg of Pioneer's trajectory at Saturn, which suggest that the spacecraft may have passed through the magnetic wake of Titan at a distance of 145 Titan radii downstream from Titan. The data obtained over a period of several hours around the crossing of Titan's L shell exhibit a number of characteristics which are qualitatively consistent with predictions based on theories of the interaction between a supersonic magnetized plasma and a conducting or magnetized planetary body. In addition, values of the plasma mass density derived from the interaction geometry are consistent with an upper limit inferred from in situ plasma measurements obtained during the outbound leg of Pioneer's trajectory.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Nov. 1
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  • 6
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    Quantitative modeling of planetary magnetospheric magnetic fields (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Three new quantitative models of the earth's magnetospheric magnetic field have recently been presented: the Olson-Pfitzer model, the Tsyganenko model, and the Voigt model. The paper reviews these models in some detail with emphasis on the extent to which they have succeeded in improving on earlier models. The models are compared with the observed field in both magnitude and direction. Finally, the application to other planetary magnetospheres of the techniques used to model the earth's magnetospheric magnetic field is briefly discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 7
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    Model exospheres of the ringed planets (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The theory of rotating ion exospheres in dipolar magnetic field geometries is used to predict certain effects of the rings on the inner plasmaspheres of the ringed planets Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. The analysis here assumes a purely ionospheric source. It is found that if rings affect only the trapped plasma, the cold plasma density at Saturn will be either reduced or increased by a factor of approximately 2 at L = 1.65, depending on whether the ring populates or empties the trapped trajectories. It is found that if all cold plasma particles on trapped orbits are absorbed and the rings are not a source of plasma, this simple exospheric theory can explain the ionospheric density profile inferred from the Pioneer 11 Saturn radio occultation experiment, in which a localized peak in the profile was observed on field lines threading the Guerin division between the C and D rings.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 8; Jan. 198
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  • 8
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    Explanation of the inward displacement of Io's hot plasma torus and consequences for sputtering sources (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Radial profiles of the ion density and flux-tube content in the Io torus have peak values inside Io's orbit, even though Io is the effective source of these ions. Formation of an inward peak constrains either the velocity distributions or source regions of sputtered neutrals. A further constraint is that the ionization of neutrals on trapped trajectories that return to Io's surface must be limited. A dominant sulphur source is most easily reconciled with these constraints.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 315; 373-378
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  • 9
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    Mercury - Magnetospheric processes and the atmospheric supply and loss rates (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is pointed out that the solar wind is an important contributor to the H and He components of the atmosphere of Mercury. For this reason, and because significant differences exist between the magnetospheres of Mercury and the earth, an investigation was conducted of the magnetospheric processes at Mercury to determine how these processes affect the precipitation of solar wind plasma onto the planetary surface. Attention is given to a review of estimates of the Hermaean magnetic moment, the direct impact of the solar wind on the planetary surface, precipitation along closed dayside magnetic field lines, precipitation along open dayside magnetic field lines, particles precipitating on closed field lines from the plasma sheet, radiogenic and other atmospheric sources, atmospheric loss rates, surface interaction mechanisms, and subsurface residence times and chemical reactions.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; July 1
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  • 10
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    The relationship of the lunar regolith less than 10-microns fraction and agglutinates. II - Chemical composition of agglutinate glass as a test of the 'fusion of the finest fraction' /F3/ model (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Agglutinate glasses from nine Apollo soils have been studied using an automated electron microprobe technique in order to test the fusion of the finest fraction model proposed by Papike (1981). The nine average agglutinate glass compositions are compared with the calculated fused-soil-free compositions, the bulk compositions and the 90-20 micron fraction compositions of the soils in which they are found. It is found that the agglutinate glass data are consistent with the composition of most of the fractions finer than 10 microns, allowing for the volatile loss of K2O and Na2O; some inconsistencies that do arise may result from the degree of soil maturity and the amount of material finer than 10 microns. It is concluded that the fusion of the finest fraction model is a good first approximation of mechanisms affecting the formation of agglutinate glass.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 1981 - Mar 20, 1981; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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