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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (6)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: During the Earth-1 Galileo flyby (December 1990), the Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) experiment investigated the illuminated side of the Earth in the spectral range 0.7-5.2 micrometers. Mosaics of the entire terrestrial globe were recorded with a spatial resolution ranging from 100 to 500 km. From these spectra, information is retrieved upon the large-scale temperature structure in the stratosphere and in the mesosphere (0-70 km altitude range) from the inversion of the CO2 bands at 4.3 and 4.8 micrometers. These data also permit monitoring of the cloud temperatures, and derivation of the abundances of several minor atmospheric constituents (H2O, CO, N2O, CH4 and O3). These observations constitute a continuation of the study of the atmospheres of the three planets (i.e. Venus, the Earth and Jupiter) targeted by the Galileo spacecraft during its mission. Observing these atmospheres with the NIMS instrument in the near-infrared will provide a unique data set, useful for comparative planetary studies.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 41; 7; p. 551-561
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The spectral geometric albedo and the bolometric Bond albedo of Triton are calculated using data from the Voyager spacecraft photopolarimeter and science experiments. The geometric albedo is not inconsistent with the presence of a weak absorption feature in Triton's spectrum near 0.75 micron. The bolometric Bond albedo (0.65) is consistent with the 38 K daytime surface temperature of Triton. The results are also in agreement with the 37.5 K temperature of nitrogen at an infrared basal pressure of 14 microbar.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 17; 1761-176
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  • 3
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2014-09-30
    Description: The presence of allotropic sulfur as a possible major constituent of Io's surface and the properties of sulfur in combination with various sulfur-oxygen compounds believed to be present on Io's surface and in its atmosphere are studied by a series of laboratory experiments.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program, 1984; p 20-22
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Laboratory data on the UV and near-IR spectra of SO3 are compared with spectra obtained for the Jovian moon Io by the Voyager and IUE satellites. The experimental data were taken at wavelengths from 0.25 micron to nearly 6 microns, although only order-of-magnitude estimates could be made of the associated particle sizes. Tests were also performed to identify the spectral characteristics with succeedingly lower concentrations of SO3 relative to SO2, which is apparently abundant on the Io surface. No evidence was found for the presence of solid SO3 in the spectra of Io down to projected concentrations lower than 1 percent. The findings are considered surprising since it is known that particle bombardment will cause SO3 to form in SO2 concentrations. It is expected that SO3 will be detected by the IR mapping instrument to be carried by the Galileo spacecraft.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 66; 181-187
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature; 280; Aug. 30
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: During the 1990 Galileo Venus flyby, the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer investigated the night-side atmosphere of Venus in the spectral range 0.7 to 5.2 micrometers. Multispectral images at high spatial resolution indicate substantial cloud opacity variations in the lower cloud levels, centered at 50 kilometers altitude. Zonal and meridional winds were derived for this level and are consistent with motion of the upper branch of a Hadley cell. Northern and southern hemisphere clouds appear to be markedly different. Spectral profiles were used to derive lower atmosphere abundances of water vapor and other species.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 253; 1541-154
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