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  • 1
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    Stability of negatively charged dust grains in Saturn's ring plane (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The boundary between the inner and outer parts of Saturn's B ring is located at the theoretical limit of stability of dust grains with large negative charge to mass ratio. A grain inside of this stability limit will move along magnetic field lines and strike Saturn if given a slight velocity component normal to the ring plane. Outside of this marginal stability radius, a perturbed grain merely oscillates back and forth through the ring plane. The theoretical location of the marginal stability radius is at 1.625 Saturn radius. Observations by Pioneer 11 and Voyager 2 in the infared see the boundary as a prominent change in ring brightness at this radius. The occultation of delta-Scorpii by the rings in the ultraviolet seen by Voyager 2 shows about a factor of two change in optical depth beginning very close to this radius.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 87; Aug. 1
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    The inner edge of Saturn's B ring (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The sharp, 90-km wide transition from an optical depth of 0.2 in the C ring to 1 in the B ring begins at 91,970 km from Saturn's center. This radius is found to be almost exactly at the inward stability limit of charged particles launched in the ring plane at the local Kepler velocity, provided these particles have large charge to mass ratio. The zonal harmonic models of Saturn's magnetic field from the Voyager data and the gravitational field model from Pioneer data are essential to get the very close agreement between theory and observation. The theoretical stability limits are 91,973 + or - 145 km from Voyager 1 magnetic field data and 91,991 + or 145 km from Voyager 2 magnetic data. The zonal harmonic magnetic field lines are not perpendicular to the ring plane. Therefore, in addition to the magnetic mirror, gravitational, and centrifugal forces, an unknown force must be postulated to produce equilibrium in the ring plane and make the stability calculation meaningful.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; Aug. 1
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  • 3
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    Occultation evidence for an atmosphere on Pluto (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Observations from different sources of Pluto occulting a 12th-magnitude star indicate an extended atmosphere around the planet. Here, data obtained from the 1 m telescope at the University of Tasmania, Hobart are interpreted in terms of a theory for occultation by an atmosphere whose thickness is comparable to the planetary radius. The data can be satisfactorily fitted with a methane atmosphere at plausible pressures and temperatures. The surface pressures inferred from this single chord are uncertain by an order of magnitude, but are consistent with spectroscopic constraints.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 336; 452-454
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    A Note on Jupiter's Gossamer Ring (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The newly discovered gossamer ring of Jupiter, composed largely of micron-sized grains, exhibits a significant peak very near the synchronous radius. It is believed that this peak is associated with an unobserved source consisting of large bodies that straddle the synchronous orbit. An alternative evolutionary mechanism is offered, which is the gyrophase drift towards the synchronous orbit, of fine grains, which necessarily are electrostatically charged within the Jovian magnetosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla Trapped Particle Absorption by the Ring of Jupiter; 9 p
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  • 5
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    Do the Satellites of Uranus Control Its Magnetosphere? (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: The importance of the satellites of Uranus as sources of magnetospheric plasma were investigated. It is found that neither an Io like plasma source nor a Titan like source is likely at Uranus. The likely presence of a heavy ion plasma torus maintained by charged particle sputtering of the icy satellites is examined. Sputtering of Saturn's icy satellites is considered an important source of heavy ion (oxygen) plasma in Saturn's inner magnetosphere. A major unresolved question is whether this sputtering process does depend on the preexistence of magnetospheric heavy ions derived from another source, Titian.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: JPL Uranus and Neptune; p 557-558
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Physics of the Jovian and Saturnian magnetospheres Highlights of a conference held at the Applied Physics Laboratory, the Johns Hopkins University, October 22-24, 1981 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Space Science Reviews (ISSN 0038-6308); 35; July 198
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  • 7
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    Magnetospheric models (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Of the planetary magnetospheres which have been explored, Jupiter's is by far the largest. It is a magnetosphere largely dominated by rotational effects. As such, it offers unique insight to the study of inaccessible pulsar magnetospheres. The present investigation is concerned with theoretical concepts which are believed to be consistent with available observations. It has been found that Io, the innermost of the Galilean satellites, is the principal source of plasma for the Jovian magnetosphere. The Io source is considered along with the solar-wind source, the ionospheric source, other satellite sources, and variations of the temperature and the content of the Io plasma torus with time. The rotation of Jupiter as the dominant source of energy for magnetospheric phenomena is discussed along with aspects of the Io-Jupiter interaction. Attention is also given to particle acceleration, and spin periodicity.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 8
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    The magnetosphere of Uranus - Plasma sources, convection, and field configuration (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is suggested by qualitative considerations based on analogy with earth, Jupiter, and Saturn that the magnetosphere of Uranus may lack a plasma source able to produce significant internal currents, internal convection, and associated effects. A class of approximately self-consistent quantitative magnetohydrostatic equilibrium configurations for the case of a pole-on magnetosphere with variable plasma parameters is presently constructed in order to test this hypothesis by means of forthcoming Voyager measurements. The configurations that can be computed for the geometries of the magnetic field and of the tail current sheet, for a given distribution of plasma pressure, have a single, funnel-shaped polar cusp pointing into the solar wind and a cylindrical tail plasma sheet whose currents close within the tail, rather than on the tail magnetopause. Interconnection of interplanetary and magnetospheric fields yields a highly asymmetric tail-field configuration.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 266
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  • 9
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    The adiabatic motion of charged dust grains in rotating magnetospheres (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Adiabatic equations of motion are derived for the micrometer-sized dust grains detected in the Jovian and Saturn magnetospheres by the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft. The adiabatic theory of charged particle motion is extended to the case of variable grain charge. Attention is focused on the innermost and outermost limits to the grain orbit evolution, with all orbits tending to become circular with time. The parameters such as the center equation of motion, the drift velocity, and the parallel equation of motion are obtained for grains in a rotating magnetosphere. Consideration is given to the effects of periodic grain charge-discharge, which are affected by the ambient plasma properties and the grain plasma velocity. The charge-discharge process at the gyrofrequency is determined to eliminate the invariance of the magnetic moment and cause the grain to exhibit radial movement. The magnetic moment increases or decreases as a function of the gyrophase of the charge variation.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 88; Jan. 1
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  • 10
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    On the braids and spokes in Saturn's ring system (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two of the features in the Saturnian ring system recently observed by the Voyager 1 spacecraft are (1) the braiding of the F-ring and (2) the radial spokes that rotate across the B-ring. Both of these phenomena are explained by recognizing that the grains that constitute both the F-ring and the spokes are charged to high electrostatic potentials and are sufficiently small to be strongly affected by the magnetic field of the planet. Processes for the charging of the grains are also suggested.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Moon and the Planets; 24; June 198
    Format: text
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