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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (13)
  • 1
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    Neptune - Limb brightening within the 7300-Angstrom methane band (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 41; Mar. 198
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  • 2
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    Saturn - UBV photoelectric pinhole scans of the disk (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: UBV photoelectric pinhole scans of Saturn's disk are reported. The data are interpreted by using elementary radiative-transfer models to describe scattering in the atmosphere above the visible haze layer. Limits are placed on the optical thickness of the region above the haze, and the results are discussed in terms of the probable structure of Saturn's upper atmosphere. It is shown that a model involving conservative Rayleigh scattering by hydrogen molecules above an opaque haze or cloud deck provides a satisfactory quantitative description of the scattering properties of Saturn's upper atmosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 37; Jan. 197
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  • 3
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    Photometry of Dione, Tethys, and Enceladus on the UBV system (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: UBV measurements of Dione, Tethys, and Enceladus were made with an area-scanning photometer on several nights during the 1972/73 and 1973/74 apparitions of Saturn. The observed brightness variations have been separated into two components - one a function of orbital position, the other a function of solar phase angle. Dione and Tethys are brightest near greatest eastern elongation and faintest near greatest western elongation. The reverse is true of Enceladus. Opposition surges are observed for Dione and Tethys.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 4
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    UBV photometry of Triton (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: UBV measurements of Triton relative to Neptune were obtained with an area-scanning photometer on 11 nights during the 1977 apparition. Observed orbital brightness variation shows that Triton is locked in synchronous rotation around Neptune. Its leading side, seen at greatest western elongation, is found to be 0.06 mag brighter than its trailing hemisphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 45; Mar. 198
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  • 5
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    Saturn - UBV photoelectric pinhole scans of the disk. II (1980)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: During the 1980 Saturn apparition, UBV pinhole scans of the disk were obtained with a photoelectric area-scanning photometer. An analysis of these data reveals that the atmosphere of Saturn can be represented by a finite clear H2 layer overlying a semiinfinite absorbent aerosol haze. The extent of the clear H2 region appears to be latitude-dependent; the H2 column density varies systematically from about 15 km-am over the equatorial and polar regions to about 31 km-am at temperate latitudes. A previous conclusion that the aerosol haze is strongly absorbent in the UV is confirmed; its effective U-band single-scattering albedo is about 0.4. Latitudinal disk structure at visual wavelengths appears to be the result of local variations in the volume density of absorbent particles in the aerosol layer.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 44; Dec. 198
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  • 6
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    A search for posteclipse brightening of Io in 1973. II (1974)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Four eclipse reappearances of Io were observed with an area-scanning photometer during the 1973 apparition of Jupiter. The results of these observations and of the ones reported in the preceding paper are discussed in the context of recent physical models for posteclipse brightening. An evaluation of the relative merits and deficiencies of all observational techniques which have been used to search for posteclipse brightening of Io leads to the conclusion that the reality of this phenomenon remains very much in doubt.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 23; Nov. 197
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  • 7
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    Uranus - Limb and polar brightening at 7300 A (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Pinhole photoelectric area-scanning photometry of the Uranus disk demonstrates directly the existence of both limb and polar brightening in the 7300 A CH4 band. Polar brightening, which appears to be present also at continuum wavelengths, is interpreted as being caused by scattering in a thin aerosol haze located over the polar region.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 214
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  • 8
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    Limb brightening on Uranus - The visible spectrum (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results are presented for pinhole and slit narrowband photoelectric area-scanning photometry of the Uranus disk at eight central wavelengths ranging from 5600 to 7500 A. The observations were undertaken to detect limb brightening on the planet and to study the nature of its disk profile as a function of geometrical albedo. A coarse analysis of the results shows that the disk must exhibit limb brightening in the two CH4 bands at 6190 and 7300 A relative to all other wavebands investigated. Except for the two CH4 bands, the shapes and widths of the images are found to be essentially identical; point-spread-function data for all wavebands indicate no significant variation in the representative Gaussian l/e width with wavelength. A fine analysis of the data reveals absolute limb brightening in the 7300-A CH4 band and absolute limb darkening in the adjacent wavebands. These results are shown to be consistent with the hypothesis that clouds are absent from the visible atmosphere of Uranus.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 29; Sept
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  • 9
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    Uranus - Narrow-waveband disk profiles in the spectral region 6000 to 8500 Angstroms (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: New narrow-band (100 A) photoelectric slit scan photometry of Uranus has been obtained in the spectral region 6000 to 8500 A. Coarse radial intensity profiles in seven wavebands are presented. Results of the investigation confirm earlier studies of limb brightening on the Uranus disk, but not all strong CH4 absorption bands are found to exhibit limb brightening. Specifically, the CH4 bands at 8000 and 8500 A show pronounced apparent limb darkening. Polar brightening may be responsible for the phenomenon. If so, an aerosol haze with a local optical thickness of approximately 0.5 or greater would be required. Visibility of the dense cloud layer located deep in the atmosphere might also cause apparent limb darkening. If so, the maximum permitted CH4/H2 mixing ratio in the visible atmosphere would correspond to 3 times the solar value.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 38; May 1979
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  • 10
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    The diameter of Pallas from its occultation of SAO 85009 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The May 29, 1978, occultation of SAO 85009 by Pallas was observed photoelectrically at seven widely spaced sites. The observations are well represented by an elliptical apparent limb profile having semimajor and semiminor axes of 279.5 + or - 2.9 and 262.7 + or - 4.5 km, respectively. Combining these results with published information on the light curve and rotational pole position, Pallas's mean diameter is found to be 538 + or - 12 km, which yields a mean density for Pallas of 2.8 + or - 0.5 g/cu cm and a visual geometric albedo of 0.103 + or - 0.005. The diameter of Pallas as determined from this occultation is significantly smaller than the values derived by radiometric, polarimetric, and double-image techniques.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 84; Feb. 197
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