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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Magellan images confirm that volcanism is widespread and has been fundamentally important in the formation and evolution of the crust of Venus. High-resolution imaging data reveal evidence for intrusion (dike formation and cryptodomes) and extrusion (a wide range of lava flows). Also observed are thousands of small shield volcanoes, larger edifices up to several hundred kilometers in diameter, massive outpourings of lavas, and local pyroclastic deposits. Although most features are consistent with basaltic compositions, a number of large pancake-like domes are morphologically similar to rhyolite-dacite domes on earth. Flows and sinuous channels with lengths of many hundreds of kilometers suggest that extremely high effusion rates or very fluid magmas (perhaps komantiites) may be present. Volcanism is evident in various tectonic settings (coronae, linear extensional and compressional zones, mountain belts, upland rises, highland plateaus, and tesserae). Volcanic resurfacing rates appear to be low (less than 2 cu km/yr) but the significance of dike formation and intrusions, and the mode of crustal formation and loss remain to be established.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 276-288
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Magellan probes Venus'surface by 12.6-cm-wavelength vertical and oblique radar scattering and measures microwave thermal emission. Emissivity and root-mean-square slope maps between 330 deg and 30 deg E and 90 deg N and 80 deg S are dissimilar, although some local features are exceptions. Inferred surface emissivities typically are 0.85, but vary from 0.35 at Maxwell to 0.95 northeast of Gula Mons and other locations. Lowest emissivities appear in topographically high areas; this relation suggests that a phase change or differences in chemical weathering occur at about 6055-kilometer radius. Initial results indicate that there are significant variations in the surface scattering function.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 265-270
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: About 44 percent of the surface of Venus has been searched in a reconnaissance mode for wind-related features using primarily cycle 1 Magellan radar data. The aeolian features, including possible dune fields, yardangs, and various types of wind streaks, are described, and the geological settings and properties of the surfaces in which they occur are assessed. Attention is also given to possible modes of formation of the most common aeolian features (wind streaks), with reference made to terrestrial examples. The relationships between aeolian features and atmospheric circulation patterns on Venus are considered.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; E8 A; 13
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Images of the Venus surface provided by the Magellan mission make it possible to see the fine-scale features diagnostic of weathering, erosion, and deposition. These include ejecta deposits extending up to 1000 km to the west of several impact craters, windblown deposits, features containing both obstacles and a source of particulate material, and evidence for degradation by atmosphere-surface interactions and mass movements. Initial Magellan observations pertaining to the nature, rate, and history of surficial processes are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on radar imaging, but results from radiometry and altimetry observations are also discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 270-275
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