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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3)
  • Microtubule  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell cycle ; Microtubule ; Microtubule organizing center ; Synchronization ; Tobacco BY-2 cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A 49 kDa protein in tobacco BY-2 cells has been found to be cross-reactive with antibodies raised against a 51 kDa protein that was isolated from sea urchin centrosomes and identified as a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells. Tracing the fate of the 49 kDa protein during progression of the cell cycle in highly synchronized tobacco BY-2 cells revealed that this protein was colocalized with plant microtubules (MTs): the location of the 49 kDa protein coincided with preprophase bands (PPBs), mitotic spindles and phragmoplasts. Furthermore, between the M and G1 phases, the 49 kDa protein was observed in the perinuclear regions, in which the initials of MTs are organizing to form cortical MTs. At the G1 phase the location of the 49 kDa protein in the cell cortex coincided with that of the cortical MTs. It appeared that the 49 kDa protein in the cell cortex was transported as granules from the perinuclear regions. Thus, it is highly probable that the 49 kDa protein, which reacts with antibodies against the 51 kDa protein in sea urchin centrosomes, plays the role of an MTOC in plant cells. Thus, the mechanisms for organizing MTs in higher organisms appear to share a common protein, even though the organization of MTs is superficially very different in plant and animal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell cycle ; Elongation factor 1α ; Microfilament ; Microtubule ; Tobacco BY-2 cell line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During cell cycle transition from M to G1 phase, micro-tubules (MTs), organized on the perinuclear region, reached the cell cortex. Microfilaments (MFs) were not involved in this process, however, MFs accumulated to form a ring-like structure in the division plane and from there they elongated toward the distal end in the cell cortex. Subsequently, when MTs elongated along the long axis of the cells, towards the distal end, the MTs ran into and then associated with the predeveloped MFs in the cell cortex, suggesting the involvement of MFs in organizing the parallel oriented MTs in the cell cortex. When cortical MTs were formed in the direction transverse to the long axis of cells, the two structures were again closely associated. Therefore, with regards to the determination of the direction of organizing MTs, predeveloped MFs may have guided the orientation of MTs at the initial stage. Disorganization of MFs in this period, by cytochalasins, prevented the organization of cortical MTs, and resulted in the appearance of abnormal MT configurations. We thus demonstrate the involvement of MFs in determining the orientation and organization of cortical MTs, and discuss the possible role of MFs during this process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Recent measurements have shown that the magnetic coercive forces of some Apollo lunar samples show an unexpected decrease with decreasing temperature at cryogenic temperatures. This behavior can be explained quantitatively in terms of a model which considers additive contributions from a soft, reversible magnetic phase and from a harder, hysteretic magnetic phase.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 24; 1; Nov. 197
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results are reported for laboratory measurements of the dc and low-frequency ac electrical conductivity of three lunar rocks with ferrous iron contents of 5 to 26 wt %. The measurements were made at temperatures ranging from 20 to 1000 C, and Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to determine the dependence of electrical conductivity on furnace atmosphere. It is found that the magnitude of electrical conductivity generally increases with increasing iron content. A comparison of the data on these samples with data on terrestrial olivines and pyroxenes shows that the electrical conductivity of anhydrous silicate minerals is influenced primarily by the concentration, oxidation state, and distribution of iron, while the silicate crystal structure is only of secondary importance. Lunar interior temperatures are deduced from experimental lunar conductivity profiles, and the resulting temperature-depth profiles are found to be consistent with those calculated for two different lunar evolutionary models as well as with various experimental constraints.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A technique of magnetic granulometry is applied to previously reported data for the temperature dependence of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) in 13 lunar surface samples, including three soils. Observed increases in IRM with decreasing temperature are attributed to changes from superparamagnetic to single-domain types of behavior for fine metallic-iron particles. Based on this hypothesis, the temperature dependence of IRM in the examined samples is analyzed to obtain particle-size distributions over the range of mean diameters from 30 to 130 A. It is found that the distribution functions for the soils and a low-grade breccia vary as the inverse square of particle volume and that the distributions for recrystallized breccias and igneous rocks apparently peak about mean values.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 15, 1976 - Mar 19, 1976; Houston, TX
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