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  • 1
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    Siderophile elements and the earth's formation (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Two comments on a work by Murthy (1991) concerning the abundances of siderophile elements in the earth's mantle are presented. In the first comment it is asserted that the basis of Murthy's extrapolation is the assumption that the Gibbs free energy change for the partitioning reaction is independent of temperature, and as this is generally not a valid assumption thermodynamically, and as this is contradicted by most experimental data, the issue of mantle siderophile elements remains unresolved. In the second comment it is asserted that the extrapolation method used by Murthy does not appear to be valid thermodynamically, and that an extrapolation based on generally accepted thermodynamic assumptions yields different results. In a reply, Murthy takes issue with the comments.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 257; 5074,; 1281-128
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  • 2
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    Partitioning of siderophile elements in the Fe-Ni-S system - 1 bar to 80 kbar (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Partition coefficients for Au, Ni, P, and Ge between solid Fe-Ni metal and sulfur-bearing metallic liquids have been measured at 7, 27 and 80 kbar. These are the only such data for Au, P, and Ge at high pressure. Comparison of the present partitioning results to those obtained at 1 bar indicate that only the 80-kbar Ge data differ significantly from the 1-bar experiments. Thus, many low-pressure partitioning experiments in the Fe-Ni-S-P system may have applicability to the greater portion of the earth's upper mantle or, alternatively, the entire mantle of Mars.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 105; 1-3,; 127-133
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  • 3
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    Quantitative relationship between reflectance and transpiration of phreatophytes, Gila River test site (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The use of IR aerial photographs for determining the dynamic characteristics of evapotranspiration at the Gila River Test Site is discussed. Evapotranspiration was measured as a function of plant volume, surface conditions, soil moisture storage, and ground water levels.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 4th Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., Vol. 3; 9 p
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  • 4
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    Partial melting of the Allende (CV3) meteorite - Implications for origins of basaltic meteorites (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Eucrites and angrites are distinct types of basaltic meteorites whose origins are poorly known. Experiments in which samples of the Allende (CV3) carbonaceous chondrite were partially melted indicate that partial melts can resemble either eucrites or angrites, depending only on the oxygen fugacity. Melts are eucritic if this variable is below that of the iron-wuestite buffer or angritic if above it. With changing pressure, the graphite-oxygen redox reaction can produce oxygen fugacities that are above or below those of the iron-wuestite buffer. Therefore, a single, homogeneous, carbonaceous planetoid greater than 110 kilometers in radius could produce melts of drastically different composition, depending on the depth of melting.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 695-698
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  • 5
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    Water demand studies in southern California (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-07
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: An Integrated Study of Earth Resources in the State of Calif. Using Remote Sensing Tech.; 41 p
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  • 6
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    Some early results from the ATS-6 radio beacon experiment (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The multifrequency satellite radio beacon enables the measurement of the columnar electron content of the ionosphere and plasmasphere along the ray path and its spatial and temporal structure. Measurements include modulation phase, Faraday rotation, and amplitude. The characteristics of the beacon transmitter and its design are presented together with the design of the Boulder receiver and antennas and the calibration procedures. A shape factor F is defined which depends on the electron density and geomagnetic field distributions. It is found that F varies by about 30% from day to night. It is shown that the ratio of the plasmaspheric content to total content varies from about 0.08 during the day to about 0.35 at night. Other examples which are presented to illustrate the uses of the radio beacon include sunrise effects, solar flare enhancements of total content, and the ionospheric storms of early July 1974.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Radio Science; 10; Aug
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  • 7
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    SNC meteorites and their implications for reservoirs of Martian volatiles (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The SNC meteorites and the measurements of the Viking landers provide our only direct information about the abundance and isotopic composition of Martian volatiles. Indirect measurements include spectroscopic determinations of the D/H ratio of the Martian atmosphere. A personal view of volatile element reservoirs on Mars is presented, largely as inferred from the meteoritic evidence. This view is that the Martian mantle has had several opportunities for dehydration and is most likely dry, although not completely degassed. Consequently, the water contained in SNC meteorites was most likely incorporated during ascent through the crust. Thus, it is possible that water can be decoupled from other volatile/incompatible elements, making the SNC meteorites suspect as indicators of water inventories on Mars.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Mars: Past, Present, and Future. Results from the MSATT Program, Part 1; p 21-23
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    A liquidus phase diagram for the groundmass of EETA 79001A (Eg), a primitive Shergottite composition (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: Shergottites are members of the SNC meteorite suite, which may be samples of Mars. If so, the shergottite in our collection that most likely represents primitive liquid from the Martian mantle is EETA 79001. EETA 79001 has the Nd isotopic signature of a long-term depleted mantle, a relatively high Mg number, and a slightly olivine-normative composition. The authors have performed experiments on the composition of EETA 79001 for traces of Eg. Other topics discussed include: comparison of calculated phase equilibria; nature of the olivine-pyroxene boundary; and interstitial liquids.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Workshop on the Martian Surface and Atmosphere Through Time; p 80-81
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  • 9
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    Distribution of water on Mars: Implications from SNC meteorites (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: There has been much speculation about the abundance of water and other volatiles on Mars. Attempts to calculate abundances of water on Mars indicate that Mars contains approx. 10-100 m of water. Numerous models have been put forth to determine the amount of water on Mars more closely. Some researchers infer that Chassigny parent magma contained greater than 1.5 percent water by weight and that the Martian mantle contained greater than 1000 parts per million water. This is too much water for a depleted region. Perhaps some of the water in Chassigny was assimilated at shallow depths, either in a crustal magma chamber or by interaction with superficial permafrost. Either is possible and provides an alternative to the dilemma of water-rich to depleted regions.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Workshop on the Martian Surface and Atmosphere Through Time; p 78-79
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  • 10
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    Identification of the youngest meteorites and a discussion of the possibility that they came from Mars (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The shergottites are a group of basaltic meteorites which are very similar in appearance to terrestrial basalts. On the Earth basalts are formed by volcanic activity. Because the shergottites so resemble terrestrial basalts and because they are apparently very young ( 1.3 billion years), it has been inferred that they come from a large planet. Small planets and asteroids lose heat from their interiors quickly and stop producing hot basaltic liquids early in their history. It appears that gases trapped in one shergotite found in Antarctica (BETA 79001) are chemically similar to the martian atmosphere (as measured by the Viking mission). The controversial speculation that the shergotites are samples of mars is examined in detail.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst. 16th Lunar and Planetary Sci. Conf.; p 38-41
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