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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3)
  • ASTRONOMY  (2)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A hypothesis that the age and distribution of grooves on the surface of Phobos may be explained by a hybrid origin due to varying tidal stresses induced after a large impact altered the satellite's rotation rate is presented. The theory that these grooves are surface manifestations of internal fractures induced by the decay of Phobos orbit is ruled out because this mechanism would require the grooves to be extremely young features, but their implied age is greater than 10 to the 9th power yr. The location and relationship of grooves to the largest crater, Stickney, indicate that they are related to the Stickney impact, but were formed shortly after that event with orientations determined by the shape of Phobos. If the impact destroyed the condition of synchronous rotation, the changing orientation of Phobos in the gravitational field of Mars would subject its interior to stresses, producing the systems of grooves.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature; 282; Dec. 13
    Format: text
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Models of the solar nebula suggest that the mass of solid matter which condensed in the region of Mars and the asteroids was much greater than the amount now present. Bombardment by a primordial population of asteroidal bodies originating near Jupiter's orbit could preferentially remove matter from this region, without significant effects in the earth's zone. A critical velocity exists, for which they can be ejected from the solar system by Jupiter. The minimum perihelion attainable at this velocity lies between the orbits of Mars and the earth. The lifetimes of Mars-crossing bodies are limited by collisions with Jupiter; earth-crossers are ejected on a much shorter time scale. The total bombardment flux was at least two orders of magnitude greater in the zone of Mars than in that of the earth. The flux at Venus and Mercury from this source was negligible.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 26; Nov. 197
    Format: text
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The theory of gravitational accretion of the terrestrial planets is examined. The concept of a 'closed feeding zone' is somewhat unrealistic, but provides a lower bound on the accretion time. A velocity relation for planetesimals which includes an initial velocity component is suggested. The orbital parameters of the planetesimals and the dimensions of the feeding zone are related to their relative velocities. The assumption of an initial velocity does not seriously change the accretion time. Mercury, Venus, and the earth have accretion times on the order of 100 million years. Mars requires well over one billion years to accrete by the same assumptions. The lunar cratering history makes a late formation of Mars unlikely. If Mars is as old as the earth, nongravitational forces or a violation of the feeding zone concept is required. One such possibility is the removal of matter from the zone of Mars by Jupiter's influence. The final sweeping up by Mars would result in the scattering of a considerable mass among the other terrestrial planets. The late postaccretional bombardments inferred for the moon and Mercury may have had this source.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 27; Jan. 197
    Format: text
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