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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (830)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (205)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (180)
  • GENERAL
  • 1975-1979  (1,189)
  • 1955-1959  (57)
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Year
  • 1
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    The diameter of Pallas from its occultation of SAO 85009 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The May 29, 1978, occultation of SAO 85009 by Pallas was observed photoelectrically at seven widely spaced sites. The observations are well represented by an elliptical apparent limb profile having semimajor and semiminor axes of 279.5 + or - 2.9 and 262.7 + or - 4.5 km, respectively. Combining these results with published information on the light curve and rotational pole position, Pallas's mean diameter is found to be 538 + or - 12 km, which yields a mean density for Pallas of 2.8 + or - 0.5 g/cu cm and a visual geometric albedo of 0.103 + or - 0.005. The diameter of Pallas as determined from this occultation is significantly smaller than the values derived by radiometric, polarimetric, and double-image techniques.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 84; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    The imaging photopolarimeter experiment on Pioneer 11 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: For 2 weeks continuous imaging, photometry, and polarimetry observations were made of Jupiter and the Galilean satellites in red and blue light from Pioneer 11. Measurements of Jupiter's north and south polar regions were possible because the spacecraft trajectory was highly inclined to the planet's equatorial plane. One of the highest resolution images obtained is presented here along with a comparison of a sample of our photometric and polarimetric data with a simple model. The data seem consistent with increased molecular scattering at high latitudes.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 188; May 2
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    A Titan exploration study: Science, technology and mission planning options, volume 1 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Mission concepts and technology advancements that can be used in the exploration of the outer planet satellites were examined. Titan, the seventh satellite of Saturn was selected as the target of interest. Science objectives for Titan exploration were identified, and recommended science payloads for four basic mission modes were developed (orbiter, atmospheric probe, surface penetrator and lander). Trial spacecraft and mission designs were produced for the various mission modes. Using these trial designs as a base, technology excursions were then made to find solutions to the problems resulting from these conventional approaches and to uncover new science, technology and mission planning options. Several mission modes were developed that take advantage of the unique conditions expected at Titan. They include a combined orbiter, atmosphere probe and lander vehicle, a combined probe and surface penetrator configuration and concepts for advanced remote sensing orbiters.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-137846 , MCR-76-186-VOL-1
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    A Titan exploration study: Science, technology, and mission planning options, volume 2 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: For abstract, see Vol. 1
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-137847 , MCR-76-186-VOL-2
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Mars sample return through parking orbit (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A Mars surface sample return mission using Mars direct entry and Mars parking orbit return is described. The mission is designed for a minimum energy requirement and is relatively simple in comparison to the alternative Mars orbital rendezvous mode. The design calls for minimal science, and uses a single Titan IIIE/Centaur launch vehicle. The primary science areas included are biology, biochemistry, geochemistry, and petrology, for detecting life, age dating, and determining chemical compositions and rock types. The total minimum sample requirement would be 30 g. Sampling conditions and recommended measurements are discussed. Maximum use of hardware and experience from the Mariner, Pioneer, and Viking missions is contemplated. The profile for a 1979 conjunction-class mission would include a total time of 1025 days, including one year in Mars parking orbit after sampling. The lander structure, components, and recovery alternatives are explained.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astronautics and Aeronautics; 13; Jan. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    A comparison of the Method of Lines to finite difference techniques in solving time-dependent partial differential equations (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Steady state solutions to two time dependent partial differential systems have been obtained by the Method of Lines (MOL) and compared to those obtained by efficient standard finite difference methods: (1) Burger's equation over a finite space domain by a forward time central space explicit method, and (2) the stream function - vorticity form of viscous incompressible fluid flow in a square cavity by an alternating direction implicit (ADI) method. The standard techniques were far more computationally efficient when applicable. In the second example, converged solutions at very high Reynolds numbers were obtained by MOL, whereas solution by ADI was either unattainable or impractical. With regard to 'set up' time, solution by MOL is an attractive alternative to techniques with complicated algorithms, as much of the programming difficulty is eliminated.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Computers and Fluids; 6; June 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Evidence for lightning on Venus (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Evidence for lightning on Venus obtained by the Pioneer Venus 1 Orbiter is presented. The first indications of lightning were detected by the electric field detector on board the Orbiter when the spacecraft periapsis, which is well within the ionosphere, moved into the night side of the planet. Impulsive wave signals were primarily detected at altitudes less than 25 km, and were found to be strongest at frequencies corresponding to propagation in the whistler mode, occurring at an average rate of about 0.5/sec. The signals were often observed during intervals of low and variable electron densities. It is tentatively concluded on the basis of the above observations that the impulsive events were caused by Venusian lightning.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature; 279; June 14
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Absorption of whistler mode waves in the ionosphere of Venus (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: It is shown that whistler mode waves from the ionosheath of Venus are absorbed by Landau damping at the dayside ionosphere boundary. This process heats the ionospheric electrons and it may provide an important energy input into the dayside ionosphere. Cyclotron damping of the waves does not occur in the same region. However, Landau damping of ionosheath waves is apparently not an important energy source in the nightside ionosphere. Impulsive events in the nightside ionosphere seem to fall into two classes: (1) lightning signals (near periapsis) and (2) noise, which may be caused by gradient or current instabilities.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 205; July 6
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Evaluation of a large capacity heat pump concept for active cooling of hypersonic aircraft structure (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results of engineering analyses assessing the conceptual feasibility of a large capacity heat pump for enhancing active cooling of hypersonic aircraft structure are presented. A unique heat pump arrangement which permits cooling the structure of a Mach 6 transport to aluminum temperatures without the aid of thermal shielding is described. The selected concept is compatible with the use of conventional refrigerants, with Freon R-11 selected as the preferred refrigerant. Condenser temperatures were limited to levels compatible with the use of conventional refrigerants by incorporating a unique multipass condenser design, which extracts mechanical energy from the hydrogen fuel, prior to each subsequent pass through the condenser. Results show that it is technically feasible to use a large capacity heat pump in lieu of external shielding. Additional analyses are required to optimally apply this concept.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-145301
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    An experimental and computational investigation of the flow field about a transonic airfoil in supercritical flow with turbulent boundary-layer separation (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A combined experimental and computational research program is described for testing and guiding turbulence modeling within regions of separation induced by shock waves incident in turbulent boundary layers. Specifically, studies are made of the separated flow the rear portion of an 18%-thick circular-arc airfoil at zero angle of attack in high Reynolds number supercritical flow. The measurements include distributions of surface static pressure and local skin friction. The instruments employed include highfrequency response pressure cells and a large array of surface hot-wire skin-friction gages. Computations at the experimental flow conditions are made using time-dependent solutions of ensemble-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, plus additional equations for the turbulence modeling.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-X-73157 , A-6690
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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