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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (1,385)
  • GENERAL
  • 1985-1989  (566)
  • 1975-1979  (844)
  • 1955-1959  (17)
  • 1
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    The diameter of Pallas from its occultation of SAO 85009 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The May 29, 1978, occultation of SAO 85009 by Pallas was observed photoelectrically at seven widely spaced sites. The observations are well represented by an elliptical apparent limb profile having semimajor and semiminor axes of 279.5 + or - 2.9 and 262.7 + or - 4.5 km, respectively. Combining these results with published information on the light curve and rotational pole position, Pallas's mean diameter is found to be 538 + or - 12 km, which yields a mean density for Pallas of 2.8 + or - 0.5 g/cu cm and a visual geometric albedo of 0.103 + or - 0.005. The diameter of Pallas as determined from this occultation is significantly smaller than the values derived by radiometric, polarimetric, and double-image techniques.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 84; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Photometry from Voyager 2 - Initial results from the Uranian atmosphere, satellites, and rings (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The results of Voyager 2 photopolarimetry (PPS) surveys of Uranus, the ring system, occultation experiments and observations of the Uranian moons are reported. Dual-channel photometry and polarimetry data obtained of the atmosphere at various emission and phase angles are delineated and compared with characteristics of the Saturn and Jupiter atmospheres. The results of temperature, UV absorption and density profile calculations are also discussed. Extensive ring dimensional data, based on two occultation experiments, are provided in tabular form noting that the rings contain no dust. Finally, the geometric albedos of the five major moons and the phase curve of the moon Titania are presented. The latter data indicate that Titanian surface features are not the result of recent events such as volcanism or ice slurry outflows.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 233; 65-70
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    The imaging photopolarimeter experiment on Pioneer 11 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: For 2 weeks continuous imaging, photometry, and polarimetry observations were made of Jupiter and the Galilean satellites in red and blue light from Pioneer 11. Measurements of Jupiter's north and south polar regions were possible because the spacecraft trajectory was highly inclined to the planet's equatorial plane. One of the highest resolution images obtained is presented here along with a comparison of a sample of our photometric and polarimetric data with a simple model. The data seem consistent with increased molecular scattering at high latitudes.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 188; May 2
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  • 4
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    A Titan exploration study: Science, technology and mission planning options, volume 1 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Mission concepts and technology advancements that can be used in the exploration of the outer planet satellites were examined. Titan, the seventh satellite of Saturn was selected as the target of interest. Science objectives for Titan exploration were identified, and recommended science payloads for four basic mission modes were developed (orbiter, atmospheric probe, surface penetrator and lander). Trial spacecraft and mission designs were produced for the various mission modes. Using these trial designs as a base, technology excursions were then made to find solutions to the problems resulting from these conventional approaches and to uncover new science, technology and mission planning options. Several mission modes were developed that take advantage of the unique conditions expected at Titan. They include a combined orbiter, atmosphere probe and lander vehicle, a combined probe and surface penetrator configuration and concepts for advanced remote sensing orbiters.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-137846 , MCR-76-186-VOL-1
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  • 5
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    A Titan exploration study: Science, technology, and mission planning options, volume 2 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: For abstract, see Vol. 1
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-137847 , MCR-76-186-VOL-2
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  • 6
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    Planetary research at Lowell Observatory (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Narrowband CCD profiles of C2 and grains in several comets (including P/Halley and P/Giacobini-Zinner) were performed. Rotational light curves were made of Comet P/Arend-Rigaux (visible and infrared) yielding the size, shape, albedo, and rotation period of the nucleus. Production rates were measured as a function of heliocentric distance for OH, CN, and C2 in P/Giacobini-Zinner and for OH, NH, CN, C3, and C2 in P/Halley. Detection and measurement was made of forbidden (O I) lines near 6300 and 5577 A in P/Halley, permitting the production rate of oxygen from CO to be distinguished from that from H2O. Identification of C-12C-13 lines in cometary spectra indicating a possible enrichment of C-13 over the telluric value was made. An assessment of techniques for detecting (determining the existence of) a trans-Neptunian comet belt is included.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 68-70
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  • 7
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    Mars sample return through parking orbit (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A Mars surface sample return mission using Mars direct entry and Mars parking orbit return is described. The mission is designed for a minimum energy requirement and is relatively simple in comparison to the alternative Mars orbital rendezvous mode. The design calls for minimal science, and uses a single Titan IIIE/Centaur launch vehicle. The primary science areas included are biology, biochemistry, geochemistry, and petrology, for detecting life, age dating, and determining chemical compositions and rock types. The total minimum sample requirement would be 30 g. Sampling conditions and recommended measurements are discussed. Maximum use of hardware and experience from the Mariner, Pioneer, and Viking missions is contemplated. The profile for a 1979 conjunction-class mission would include a total time of 1025 days, including one year in Mars parking orbit after sampling. The lander structure, components, and recovery alternatives are explained.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Astronautics and Aeronautics; 13; Jan. 197
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Emplacement of Long Lava Flows on Mauna Loa (hawaii) and Alba (mars) (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-08
    Description: Spacecraft images revealed that extremely long lava flows (more than 200 km long) exist on the surface of Mars and Io. Compared to terrestial volcanic eruptions, the occurrence of these long flows is very unusual, and may hint at a different style of either magma production or eruption. Attempts to model the emplacement of the long flows on other planets, using a Bingham rheological model, were only partially successful. The objective is to conduct field measurements on long lava flows in Hawaii (where individual flows such as those of 1859 and 1881 exceed 40 km in length) in order to document and interpret their flow characteristics. In this way, a better understanding of the formation of long lava flows is sought as well as a determination of whether the Mauna Loa flows are terrestrial analogs to the long flows seen on Mars and Io.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program; p 248-250
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  • 9
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    Evidence for lightning on Venus (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Evidence for lightning on Venus obtained by the Pioneer Venus 1 Orbiter is presented. The first indications of lightning were detected by the electric field detector on board the Orbiter when the spacecraft periapsis, which is well within the ionosphere, moved into the night side of the planet. Impulsive wave signals were primarily detected at altitudes less than 25 km, and were found to be strongest at frequencies corresponding to propagation in the whistler mode, occurring at an average rate of about 0.5/sec. The signals were often observed during intervals of low and variable electron densities. It is tentatively concluded on the basis of the above observations that the impulsive events were caused by Venusian lightning.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature; 279; June 14
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Examination of returned solar-max surfaces for impacting orbital debris and meteoroids (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Previous theoretical studies predicted that in certain regions of earth orbit, the man-made earth orbiting debris environment will soon exceed the interplanetary meteoroid environment for sizes smaller than 1 cm. The surfaces returned from the repaired Solar Max Mission (SMM) by STS 41-C on April 12, 1984, offered an excellent opportunity to examine both the debris and meteoroid environments. To date, approximately 0.7 sq. met. of the thermal insulation and 0.05 sq. met of the aluminum louvers have been mapped by optical microscope for crater diameters larger than 40 microns. Craters larger in diameter than about 100 microns found on the initial 75 micron thick Kapton first sheet on the MEB (Main Electronics Box) blanket are actually holes and constitute perforations through that blanket. The following populations have been found to date in impact sites on these blankets: (1) meteoritic material; (2) thermal paint particles; (3) aluminum droplets; and (4) waste particles.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst. 16th Lunar and Planetary Sci. Conf.; p 42-43
    Format: application/pdf
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