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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The procedures used in making the lidar measurements of O3 and aerosols are discussed, and selected data samples of O3 and aerosol distributions observed during flights between Stavanger (59 deg N, 3 deg E) and the North Pole between about 40 deg W and 20 deg E meridians are presented. The 'on' and 'off'; laser wavelengths used for the DIAL measurements during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition (AASE) were 301.5 and 311 nm, respectively. An intercomparison between airborne DIAL and ozonesonde measurements of O3 in the vicinity of Bear Island is shown. The DIAL profiles were obtained by averaging the lidar returns over a 5-min period and then calculating the DIAL O3 profile. Lidar measurements at 603 and 1064 nm are used to infer physical characteristics of the different types of aerosols observed during the AASE.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: In: Remote sensing of atmospheric chemistry; Proceedings of the Meeting, Orlando, FL, Apr. 1-3, 1991 (A93-31376 11-35); p. 273-281.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Injection control of a tunable Ti:sapphire laser using a narrow-bandwidth pulsed dye laser operating at a wavelength removed from the peak of the Ti:sapphire-laser gain curve is reported. The free-running Ti:sapphire laser had broadband laser emission from 750 to 790 nm. Injection at 727 nm resulted in essentially complete energy extraction at that wavelength in a 2.5-pm bandwidth matching the injection source.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Optics Letters (ISSN 0146-9592); 11; 712-714
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) measurement of tropospheric ozone requires use of high average power UV lasers operating at two appropriate DIAL wavelengths. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that a KrF excimer laser can be used to generate several wavelengths with good energy conversion efficiencies by stimulated Raman shifting using hydrogen (H2) and deuterium (D2). Computer simulations for an airborne lidar have shown that these laser emissions can be used for the less than 5 percent random error, high resolution measuremment of ozone across the troposphere using the DIAL technique. In the region of strong ozone absorption, laser wavelengths of 277.0 and 291.7 nm were generated using H2 and D2, respectively. In addition, a laser wavelength at 302.0 nm was generated using two cells in series, with the first containing D2 and the second containing H2. The energy conversion efficiency for each wavelength was between 14 and 27 percent.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 30; 2628-263
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  • 4
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique for deriving O3 profiles from lidar measurements is discussed. The NASA airborne DIAL system is described, and examples of a broad range of O3 and aerosol measurements are presented from a number of field experiments. These airborne and ground-based DIAL measurements demonstrate the outstanding capability of lidar for conducting O3 investigations throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere under widely different atmospheric conditions.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: IEEE, Proceedings (ISSN 0018-9219); 77; 419-432
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Optical Society of America, Topical Meeting on Laser and Optical Remote Sensing: Instrumentation and Techniques. Technical Digest Series, Volume 18; p 47-50
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Random and systematic error sourses are presently analyzed for atmospheric H2O detection in the vicinity of the 720 nm absorption bands with Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL). Attention is given to the random errors due to undertainties in the measurement of the lidar signal and noise that are associated with the background and detector dark currents. Systematic errors are related to Doppler broadening due to backscattering from air molecules, the pressure shift of H2O lines, laser line distortions, spectral impurities, and laser tuning errors. Global measurements of H2O profiles from spaceborne DIAL systems are achievable with 200 m vertical x 10 km horizontal during nighttime, and 250 m vertical x 20 km horizontal during daytime.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Laser radar II; May 19, 20, 1987; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The present study demonstrates the potential of a multiple-wavelength lidar for discriminating between several aerosol types on the basis of the wavelength dependence of the aerosol backscatter coefficient. The two-component lidar equation was solved under the assumption of similarity in the derived profiles of backscatter coefficients for each wavelength. It is shown that a three-wavelength lidar system operating at 300, 600, and 1064nm can provide unique information for discriminating between various aerosol types (continental, maritime, Saharan-dust, stratospheric aerosols in a tropopause fold event, and tropical forest aerosols). Mie calculations were made using in situ aerosol data and aerosol models to compare with the lidar results. The disagreement between the theoretical and empirical results in some cases was substantial. These differences may be partly due to uncertainties in the lidar data analysis and aerosol characteristics and also due to the conventional assumption of aerosol sphericity for the aerosol Mie calculations.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 28; 1670-167
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A description of an optical system used to lock the alexandrite laser frequency on a water vapor absorption line is presented. The laser spectral characteristics, which include the spectral purity, the effect of the laser linewidth on the absorption, and the laser wavelength stability, are evaluated.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Topical Meeting of the OSA Proceedings on Advanced Solid-State Lasers; Mar 18, 1991 - Mar 20, 1991; Hilton Head, SC; United States
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system developed at NASA Langley Research Center for the remote measurement of atmospheric H2O and aerosols from an aircraft is briefly discussed. This DIAL system utilizes a Nd:YAG laser-pumped dye laser as the off-line transmitter and a narrowband, tunable Alexandrite laser as the on-line transmitter. A 1-m monochromator and a multipass absorption cell are used to position the on-line laser to the center of the H2O line. The receiver system has a 14-in. diameter, f/7 Celestron telescope to collect the backscattered laser light and focus in into the detector optics. Return signals are converted to electrical signals by the optical detector and are digitalized and stored on magnetic tape. The results of fligh tests of the system are shown.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Laser Radar V; Jan 18, 1990 - Jan 19, 1990; Los Angeles, CA; United States
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An overview of some of the developments completed on an alexandrite laser for making water vapor DIAL measurements is presented in this paper. A computer control for active stabilization of the two intracavity etalons has been implemented and recently tested in an aircraft environment. Long-term frequency drift (i.e., 2 hours) of less than 0.7 pm has been observed in the laboratory. An alignment technique to get the optimum free spectral range ratio for the two etalons is also developed.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Laser Radar V; Jan 18, 1990 - Jan 19, 1990; Los Angeles, CA; United States
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