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  • Articles  (10)
  • Organic Chemistry  (9)
  • Kinetics  (1)
  • General Chemistry
  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and function of viroids (1983)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 9 (1983), S. 145-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Viroids ; Thermodynamics ; Kinetics ; Hydrodynamics ; Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Viroids are an independent class of plant pathogens which are distinguished from viruses by the absence of a protein coat and by their unusually small size. They are single-stranded circular RNAs composed of about 360 nucleotide residues. Sequence analysis and physicochemical studies of the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) have shown that, as a result of intra-molecular base pairing, viroids form a unique rod-like secondary structure which is characterized by a serial arrangement of double-helical sections and internal loops. There is no indication for an additional tertiary structure because all parts of the molecule are freely accessible to ligand interaction. During the denaturation all of the native base pairs of viroids are dissociated in one highly cooperative transition, and in the same process very stable hairpins which are not present in the native structure are newly formed. Most of the properties of the structure and structural transitions of PSTV have been found also in citrus exocortis viroid, chrysanthemum stunt viroid and four different viroid-like RNAs associated with the cadang-cadang disease. The close similarity between these viroids is more expressed in the overall structure and in thermodynamic and functional domains than in the primary sequence. The stiffness of all viroids can be described by an unique persistence length of 300 å. Characteristically, regions of premelting, regions of stable hairpins, and the sequence UACUACCCGGUGG which is opposite to one of the stable hairpins, are the most conservative sequences in the molecules. Current hypotheses about the function of viroids are discussed on the basis of their structural and thermodynamic features. The suggestion that viroid RNA has features similar to DNA has been supported by the finding that they are replicated in vitro by the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II of the host plant. The highly conserved sequence in viroids mentioned above corresponds very closely to a segment at the 5′-end of the small nuclear RNA U1 of eukaryotes. Because this segment is discussed in recent models, to be involved in the splicing process, a hypothesis is proposed in which viroids interfere with the splicing process leading to a pathogenic misregulation of mRNA processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00537813
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von β-Nitroalkenyl-benzylphosphorylderivaten (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 323 (1981), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of β-Nitroalkenyl-benzylphosphorylderivativesStarting from methoxy-chlormethylbenzaldehydes 2 the benzylphosphonates and -phosphinoxides 3 A, B had been synthesized, which could be transformed via the Schiff-bases 4 A, B to phosphorylated nitrostyrenes 5 A, B and nitropropenylbenzenederivatives 6 A, B. The phosphonoacids 3 Ad, 3 Bd and 6 Ba could be prepared from the corresponding esters by direct acidic hydrolysis or by dealkylation with trimethylsilylbromide and hydrolysis of the trimethylsilylesters respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19813230302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Substituierte Phosphonate. 37. α-Pyrrolomethanphosphonsäurederivate und N-Vinylpyrrole (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 323 (1981), S. 877-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Substituted Phosphonates. 37. Derivatives of α-Pyrrolomethanephosphonic Acid and N-VinylpyrrolesDiethyl α-aminomethanephosphonate 5a and its α-aryl derivatives 5b-d react with 2,5-diethoxytetrahydrofuran 1 to give diethyl α-pyrrolomethanephosphonate 9a and the α-aryl derivatives 9b-d, respectively. The pyrrolo derivatives 9 can be converted into the lithium salts 15 and 16, respectively, which with carbonyl compounds undergo the HORNER reaction yielding E/Z-mixtures of N-vinylpyrroles 18. In certain cases the intermediate of the HORNER reaction, the β-hydroxyphosphonate 17, can be isolated. The pyrrolo-analogue of stilbene, 18a, is formed only as E-isomer. On treating the lithium salts 15 and 16 with 9 or with alkyl halides α-C-alkylated pyrrolo-phosphonates 22 and 23, respectively, are obtained.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19813230605
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Notiz zur Synthese von β-Hydroxyethanphosphonsäure (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 322 (1980), S. 327-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Note on the Synthesis of β-Hydroxyethanephosphonic Acid
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19803220220
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Substituierte Phosphonate. 39. Methandiphosphonsäureester durch UV-induzierte Michaelis-Becker-ReaktionHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Alfred Rieche zum 80. Geburtstag gewidmet (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 537-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Substituted Phosphonates. 39. Methane-diphosphonic Esters by U.V.-Induced Michaelis-Becker-ReactionDibromomethane resp. chlorbromomethane reacts with sodium dialkyl phosphite in heptane-/liq.NH3 or in liq. NH3 by u.v. irradiation at low temperatures to give in good yields methane diphosphonic acid tetraalkylesters 1. In the same manner with sodium diethyl thionophosphite the corresponding methane-bis-thiophosphonic acid tetraethylester 4 is obtained.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240406
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Substituierte Phosphonate. 40. 1-Trimethylammonium-1-diethylphosphono-1-cyanomethylid, ein stabiles N-YlidHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Alfred Rieche zum 80. Geburtstag gewidmet (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 545-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Substituted Phosphonates. 40. 1-Trimethylammonium-1-diethylphosphono-1-cyanomethylid, a Stable N-YlidDiethyl-1-dimethylamino-1-cyanomethanephosphonate 4 can be alkylated on nitrogen to the quarternary ammoniumsalts 5, which by C-deprotonation gives the stable N-ylid 8. The N-ylid 8 behaves inert against carbonyl compounds and acylating agents, but can be C-alkylated and  -  involving an ester-dealkylation  -  C-chlorinated.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathieu, J., Weill-Raynal, J.: Bildung von C—C-Bindungen, Band III: Einführung einer Kohlenstoff-Kette mit einer α-Funktion. XII, 563 Seiten, 1235 Formelschemata, 310 Tabellen. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag 1979. 248,- DM. (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 1069-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240631
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aldehyde, tert. Amine bzw. Acetale aus Amidacetalen und Grignardverbindungen (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 322 (1980), S. 902-908 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aldehydes, tert. Amines or Acetales from Amidacetales and Grignard-CompoundsAmidacetales 1 or -mercaptales 9 respectively react with Grignard-agents dependent on molar ratio by exchange of methoxy- or methylthio group via not isolable O,N- or S,N-acetales to the corresponding aldehydes 4 or the tert. amines 3. Starting from bicyclic amidacetales 6 aldehydes or bis-β-hydroxyethylamines 8 are formed. By quaternisation of the amidacetal-nitrogen followed by reaction with Grignard-agents the corresponding O,O-acetales are formed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19803220607
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Reaktionsverhalten von 2-Aryloxy-s-trithianen (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 323 (1981), S. 939-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Reactions of 2-Aryloxy-s-trithianes2-Aryloxy-s-trithianes 4 had been prepared from 1-tosyl-imino-1-SIV-1,3,5-trithiane and phenolates. - By self-condensation of 4 1,5-bis-(trithianyl)-1,3,5-trithiapentane 5 and triphenyl-orthoformate 7 are formed, accompanied by further products, which had been isolated in pure state and identified unambiguously by H-n.m.r. and mass-spectra. In the presence of acids the 2-aryloxy-s-trithianes 4 react with nucleophilic aromatic compounds such as phenoles, N,N-dimethylaniline, pyrrole, indole, and thiophenes to give the C-trithianylated products. With mercaptanes 2-alkylthio-s-trithianes are formed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19813230612
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Substituierte Phosphonate. 43. Synthese und Reaktivität von 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisochinolin-1-phosphonaten (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 437-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Substituted Phosphonates. 43. Synthesis and Reactivity of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisochinolin-1-phosphonatesN-Alkyl- and N-arylsubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-1-phosphonates 1 have been synthesized from the corresponding 3,4-dihydroisochinoliniumbromides 7 and triethyl-phosphite. The N-unsubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-1-phosphonate 10 is available starting from the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-1-phosphonic acid by esterification with triethylformate and splitting off the formyl group of the primarily formed N-formyl derivative 14. - N-Quarternated tetrahydroisochinolines 19 and the 1-phosphorylated derivatives 17, respectively react with triethyl-phosphite in an unexpected way by dealkylation and not by splitting off the isochinolinring. - By Horner-synthesis with 1 the 1-aralkylidene-isochinolines 23 are available in moderate yields.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19833250313
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