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Snow depths of volcanic events and accumulation rates of firn cores from the IPY traverse, Antarctica (2011)

Anschütz, Helgard ; Sinisalo, A ; Isaksson, Elisabeth ; [et al.]

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In: Supplement to: Anschütz, Helgard; Sinisalo, A; Isaksson, Elisabeth; McConnell, Joseph R; Hamran, S E; Bisiaux, Marion M; Pasteris, Daniel R; Neumann, T A; Winther, Jan-Gunnar (2011): Variation of accumulation rates over the last eight centuries on the East Antarctic Plateau derived from volcanic signals in ice cores. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 116(D20), D20103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015753

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Publication Date: 2023-12-13

Description: Volcanic signatures in ice-core records provide an excellent means to date the cores and obtain information about accumulation rates. From several ice cores it is thus possible to extract a spatio-temporal accumulation pattern. We show records of electrical conductivity and sulfur from 13 firn cores from the Norwegian-USA scientific traverse during the International Polar Year 2007-2009 (IPY) through East Antarctica. Major volcanic eruptions are identified and used to assess century-scale accumulation changes. The largest changes seem to occur in the most recent decades with accumulation over the period 1963-2007/08 being up to 25% different from the long-term record. There is no clear overall trend, some sites show an increase in accumulation over the period 1963 to present while others show a decrease. Almost all of the sites above 3200 m above sea level (asl) suggest a decrease. These sites also show a significantly lower accumulation value than large-scale assessments both for the period 1963 to present and for the long-term mean at the respective drill sites. The spatial accumulation distribution is influenced mainly by elevation and distance to the ocean (continentality), as expected. Ground-penetrating radar data around the drill sites show a spatial variability within 10-20% over several tens of kilometers, indicating that our drill sites are well representative for the area around them. Our results are important for large-scale assessments of Antarctic mass balance and model validation.

Keywords: International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY

Type: Dataset

Format: application/zip, 3 datasets

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Extent of low-accumulation ‘wind glaze’ areas on the East Antarctic plateau: implications for continental ice mass balance (2013)

Scambos, T. A. ; Frezzotti, M. ; Haran, T. ; [et al.]

International Glaciological Society

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Publication Date: 2023-04-26

Description: Persistent katabatic winds form widely distributed localized areas of near-zero net surface accumulation on the East Antarctic ice sheet (EAIS) plateau. These areas have been called ‘glaze’ surfaces due to their polished appearance. They are typically 2–200km2 in area and are found on leeward slopes of ice-sheet undulations and megadunes. Adjacent, leeward high-accumulation regions (isolated dunes) are generally smaller and do not compensate for the local low in surface mass balance (SMB). We use a combination of satellite remote sensing and field-gathered datasets to map the extent of wind glaze in the EAIS above 1500m elevation. Mapping criteria are derived from distinctive surface and subsurface characteristics of glaze areas resulting from many years of intense annual temperature cycling without significant burial. Our results show that 11.2 1.7%, or 950 143 103 km2, of the EAIS above 1500m is wind glaze. Studies of SMB interpolate values across glaze regions, leading to overestimates of net mass input. Using our derived wind-glaze extent, we estimate this excess in three recent models of Antarctic SMB at 46–82 Gt. The lowest-input model appears to best match the mean in regions of extensive wind glaze.

Description: Published

Description: 633-647

Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente

Description: JCR Journal

Description: restricted

Keywords: Antarctica ; snow accumulation ; Surface Mass Balance ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance

Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Type: article

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