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  • 1
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    Recent Checks on the Radiometric and Spatial Calibration of AIRS In-Orbit (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched on May 4, 2002 and is currently fully operational. AIRS acquires hyperspectral infrared radiances in 2378 channels ranging in wavelength from 3.7-15.4 um with spectral resolution of better than 1200, and spatial resolution of 13.5 km with global daily coverage. The AIRS was designed to measure temperature and water vapor profiles for improvement in weather forecast and improved parameterization of climate processes. Currently the AIRS Level 1B Radiance Products are assimilated by NWP centers worldwide and have shown considerable forecast improvement. Although the calibration of AIRS (〈 200 mK 3 sigma) is sufficient for data assimilation into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, long term trends of Earths climate require radiances with stability approaching 10 mK/year, and absolute accuracies better than 100 mK. This investigation uses views of space during roll maneuvers of the Aqua spacecraft to calibrate the mirror emission (one of the largest error sources for AIRS) and reduce the residual errors in cold scenes. We also present results of a secondary study that uses MODIS data to determine the alignment of the AIRS boresight. In this study we match AIRS and MODIS data and iterate on the assumed boresight to find the minimum difference in signal. In this way we are able to confirm the boresight projections determined shortly after launch.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JPL-CL-16-4265 , SPIE Optics and Photonics; Aug 28, 2016 - Sep 01, 2016; San Diego, CA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    An Instrument Concept Study for Advanced Imager-Sounder: Final Design Review (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JPL-CL-16-1444 , NOAA Final Review; Feb 25, 2016; Pasadena, CA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The CubeSat Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (CIRAS) (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JPL-CL-16-4114 , NASA Sounder Science Team; Sep 13, 2016 - Sep 16, 2016; Greenbelt, MD; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Next Generation Grating Spectrometer Sounders for LEO and GEO (2011)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: AIRS and MODIS are widely used for weather, climate, composition, carbon cycle, cross-calibration, and applications. The community asking for new capability in the 2020 timeframe, capabilities desired: (1) Hyperspectral UV to LWIR, High Spatial ?1km IFOV (2) Maximize Synergies of Solar Reflected and IR. Synergies with OCO-2. We expect more users and applications of next gen LEO IR Sounder than GEO. These include: weather, climate, GHG monitoring, aviation, disaster response. There is a new direction for imagers and sounders: (1) Separate Vis/NIR/SWIR from MWIR/LWIR instruments reduces technology risk and complexity. (2) Expect Costs to be lower than CrIS & VIIRS Some additional ideas to reduce costs include: (1) minimum set of requirements (2) mini-grating spectrometers. supports constellation for higher revisit (3) new technology to reduce instrument size (large format fpa's) (4) hosted payloads
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Satellite Hyperspectral Sensor Workshop; Mar 29, 2011 - Mar 31, 2011; Miami, FL; United States
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  • 5
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    Three Years of Hyperspectral Data from AIRS: What Have We Learned (2006)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This viewgraph presentation reviews the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) that is on the Aqua satellite. The expectations that were had about AIRS have been exceeded. The lessons learned from AIRS are reviewed. These lessons are used to enhance the next generation hyperspectral sounder, being planned.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Satellite Conference 2006; Jun 12, 2006 - Jun 16, 2006; Helsinki; Finland
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  • 6
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    Requirements for a Moderate-Resolution Infrared Imaging Sounder (MIRIS) (2013)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The high cost of imaging and sounding from space warrants exploration of new methods for obtaining the required information, including changing the spectral band sets, employing new technologies and merging instruments. In some cases we must consider relaxation of the current capability. In others, we expect higher performance. In general our goal is to meet the VIIRS and CrIS requirements while providing the enhanced next generation capabilities: 1) Hyperspectral Imaging in the Vis/NIR bands, 2) High Spatial Resolution Sounding in the Infrared bands. The former will improve the accuracy of ocean color products, aerosols and water vapor, surface vegetation and geology. The latter will enable the high-impact achieved by the current suite of hyperspectral infrared sounders to be achieved by the next generation high resolution forecast models. We examine the spectral, spatial and radiometric requirements for a next generation system and technologies that can be applied from the available inventory within government and industry. A two-band grating spectrometer instrument called the Moderate-resolution Infrared Imaging Sounder (MIRIS) is conceived that, when used with the planned NASA PACE Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) will meet the vast majority of CrIS and VIIRS requirements in the all bands and provide the next generation capabilities desired. MIRIS resource requirements are modest and the Technology Readiness Level is high leading to the expectation that the cost and risk of MIRIS will be reasonable.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: SPIE Optics + Photonics; Aug 25, 2013 - Aug 29, 2013; San Diego, CA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the Earth Observing System (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: AIRS, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder on the EOS-Aqua, produces global high precision spectra from 3.7 - 15.4 micron with spectral resolving power mu/delta mu = 1200 twice each day from 708 km orbital altitude. AIRS is the first hyperspectral infrared spectrometer designed to support NOAA/NCEP's operational requirements for medium range weather forecasting during its nominal 7 year lifetime. AIRS, together with the AMSU and HSB microwave radiometers, will achieve global retrieval accuracy of better then 1K rms in the lower troposphere under clear and partly cloudy condition. Based on the excellent radiometric and spectral performance demonstrated during the pre-launch testing, the assimilation of AIRS data into the forecast model is expected to result in major forecast improvements. Launch of AIRS on the EOS AQUA is scheduled for May 2001.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of the Land and Atmosphere; 4151; 115-124
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Instrument Requirements for a Next Generation 1km Resolution Hyperspectral Imaging Spectrometer (2006)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This slide presentation reviews the requirements expected from an instrument that combines the capabilities of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The types of products anticipated, and discusses technology readiness are also reviewed
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Paper ID 6296-46 , SPIE 50th Annual Meeting; Aug 16, 2006; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 9
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    An Instrument Concept Study for Advanced Imager-Sounder: Preliminary Concept Review (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-06
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JPL-CL-16-0932 , Pro-Tech; Feb 25, 2016; Silver Spring; United States
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