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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 27.50. + e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured production cross-sections of the new neutron-rich isotopes58Ti,61V,63Cr,66Mn,69Fe,71Co and neighbouring isotopes that have been identified as projectile fragments from reactions between a 500 MeV/u86Kr beam and a beryllium target. The isotope identification was performed with the zero-degree magnetic spectrometer FRS at GSI, using in addition time-of-flight and energy-loss measurements. The experimental production cross-sections for the new nuclides and neighbouring isotopes are compared with an empirical parametrization. The resulting prospects for reaching even more neutron-rich isotopes, such as the doubly-magic nuclide78Ni, are discussed.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 23.40.-s ; 27.30.+ t
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The isotopes15B,18C,19,20N,34,35Al and39P have been produced as projectile-like fragments from the interaction of a86Kr beam of 45 MeV/u from GANIL with a181Ta target. Separated by the 0° magnetic analyser LISE, the nuclei are identified by means of aΔE- E semiconductor telescope. It is surrounded, in a geometry close to 4π, by a thin plastic scintillator (NE 102) and a large volume liquid scintillator (NE 213) for the detection of betas and neutrons, respectively, from the decay of the implanted nuclei. By observation of theβ-delayed neutrons, the half-livesT 1/2 and neutron emission probabilitiesP n have been measured. TheT 1/2 of18C,20N,35Al,39P and Pn of18C,19,20N,34,35Al and39P are determined for the first time. For the isotopes17C,36,37Si and38P upper limits of Pn are deduced.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10-k ; 25.70.Np ; 27.40+z
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using magnetic separation and identification through time of flight andΔExE measurements, the nuclei56Cu,52Co (T z =−1);55Cu,51Co,47Mn,43V(T z =−3/2)52Ni,50Co,48Fe,46Mn,44Cr (T z =−2); and51Ni (T z =−5/2) are observed for the first time from interactions of 55A.MeV58Ni projectiles with a Ni target. The predicted proton drip-line has probably been reached for the odd elements.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.-k ; 07.75.+h ; 21.10.Gv ; 25.70.Np ; 27.20.+n
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Total nuclear reaction cross-sections are determined by means of a 4π-γ method. The results cover a wide span of targets for various stable beams. The validity of the method is shown in a combined systematics including also the results of transmission-type experiments. The data are very well described by the formula developed by Kox et al. The same method is applied to secondary fragment beams produced from a 44 MeV/u22Ne beam on a 332mg/cm2 181Ta target. Using the LISE spectrometer the fragments4, 6He,6–9, 11Li,7, 9–12, 14Be,10–15, 17B11–19C,13–19N,15–21O,18– 21F and20,21 Ne are analyzed and transported to interact with a 199.4 mg/cm2 Cu target surrounded by a 4π-γ counter. The measured total reaction cross-sectionsσ R are discussed in terms of the reduced strong absorption radiusr 0 and compared with other experimental results.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 679-684 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Sodium oxohydroxoaluminate hydrate ; Na2[Al2O3(OH)2] · 1.5 H2O ; crystal structure ; 27Al NMR ; 23Na NMR ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Crystal Structure of the Sodium Oxohydroxoaluminate Hydrate Na2[Al2O3(OH)2] · 1.5 H2OThe crystal structure of the sodium oxohydroxoaluminate hydrate Na2[Al2O3(OH)2] ·s 1.5 H2O (up to now described as Na2O · Al2O3 · 2.5 H2O and Na2O · Al2O3 · 3 H2O, respectively) was solved. The X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis (tetragonal, space group P-421m, a = 10.522(1) Å, c = 5.330(1) Å, Z = 4) results in a polymeric layered structure, consisting of AlO3/2(OH) tetrahedral groups. Between these layers the Na+ ions are situated, which form tetrameric groups of face-linked NaO6 octahedra. The involved O2- ions are due to Al—O—Al bridges, Al—OH groups and water of crystallization. 27Al and 23Na MAS NMR investigations confirm the crystal structure analysis. The relations between the crystallization behaviour of the compound and the constitution of the aluminate anions in the corresponding sodium aluminate solution and in the solid, respectively, are discussed.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur des Natriumoxohydroxoaluminathydrates Na2[Al2O3(OH)2] · 1,5 H2O - bisher in der Literatur als Na2O · Al2O3 · 2,5 H2O bzw. Na2O · Al2O3 · 3 H2O bezeichnet - wird bestimmt. Die Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse (tetragonal, Raumgruppe P-421m, a = 10,522(1) Å, c = 5,330(1) Å, Z = 4) ergibt eine aus AlO3/2(OH)-Tetraedern aufgebaute, polymere Schichtstruktur. Die zwischen den Schichten angeordneten Na+-Ionen bilden mit O2--Ionen von Al—O—Al-Brücken, Al—OH-Gruppen und von Kristallwasser NaO6-Oktaeder, die über gemeinsame Flächen zu tetrameren Baugruppen verknüpft sind. 27Al- und 23Na-MAS-NMR-Messungen bestätigen die Kristallstrukturanalyse. Die Beziehungen zwischen dem Kristallisationsverhalten der Verbindung und der Konstitution der Aluminatanionen in der entsprechenden Natriumaluminatlösung bzw. in der kristallinen Verbindung werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 575 (1989), S. 17-25 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 27Al NMR Studies on Alkali FluoroaluminatesThe 27Al NMR spectra of the alkali fluoroaluminates sensitively reflect the kind of condensation of the AlF6 octahedra. Whereas the chemical shift of the octahedral Al is shown to be rather independent on structural details, clear differences in the electric field gradients of isolated and condensed AlF6 octahedra were found. In contrast to the isolated octahedra which show only weak effects of quadrupole interaction, both for chains and layers of AlF6 octahedra axial EFG tensors result with quadrupolar coupling constants of between 10 and 13 MHz; for the threefold chains in CsAlF4 only a value of 7.5 MHz is obtained.
    Notes: Die 27Al-NMR-Spektren der Alkalifluoroaluminate spiegeln in empfindlicher Weise die Verknüpfung der AlF6-Oktaeder wider. Während sich die chemische Verschiebung für das oktaedrisch koordinierte Aluminium als nahezu unbeeinflußt von strukturellen Details erweist, ergeben sich deutliche Unterschiede in den elektrischen Feldgradienten (EFG) zwischen isolierten und verknüpften AlF6-Oktaedern. Im Gegensatz zu den isolierten Oktaedern, bei denen Quadrupolwechselwirkungseffekte nur eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen, ergeben sich sowohl für Ketten als auch schichtförmige Verknüpfung der AlF6-Oktaeder axiale EFG-Tensoren mit Quadrupolkopplungskonstanten zwischen 10 und 13 MHz, bei Verknüpfung als Dreierstrangkette im CsAlF4 lediglich ein Wert von 7,5 MHz.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1483-1488 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Nonasodium bis(hexahydroxogallate) trihydroxide hexahydrate ; decasodium bis(hexahydroxogallate) tetrahydroxide ; disodium tetrahydroxogallate chloride ; crystal structure ; 71Ga MAS NMR ; 23Na MAS NMR ; DTA, DTG, guinier lenné technique ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: About Crystalline Sodium HydroxogallatesTwo crystalline sodium hydroxogallates 4,5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 13,5 H2O (I) and 5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 8 H2O (II), as well as a crystalline phase of the composition Na2O · Ga2O3 · 4 H2O · 2 NaCl (III) are described.
    Notes: Es werden zwei kristalline Natriumhydroxogallate 4,5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 13,5 H2O (I) und 5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 8 H2O (II) sowie eine kristalline Phase der Zusammensetzung Na2O · Ga2O3 · 4 H2O · 2 NaCl (III) beschrieben.(I) kristallisiert aus Natriumgallatlösungen eines breiten Konzentrationsfeldes und hat nach Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse [1] eine dreidimensional vernetzte Struktur aus monomeren [Ga(OH)6]3--Anionen, die über NaO6-Koordinationspolyeder untereinander verbunden sind; daneben sind Kristallwasser und weitere Hydroxidionen enthalten.Damit ist (I) als Nonanatrium-bis(hexahydroxogallat)-trihydroxid-hexahydrat (Na9[Ga(OH)6]2(OH)3 · 6 H2O) zu formulieren; Isotypie besteht zu dem entsprechenden Natriumhydroxoaluminat [2, 3]. 5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 8 H2O II) läßt sich aus (I) in Gegenwart von Natriumhydroxid durch Entwässern über P4O10 bei Raumtemperatur unter Schutzgas (N2) erhalten. Es kristallisiert tetragonal, ist isotyp mit Na10[Al(OH)6]2(OH)4 [4] und dementsprechend als Na10[Ga(OH)6]2(OH)4 zu formulieren. Durch Zusatz von Natriumchlorid zu Natriumgallatlösungen läßt sich Na2O · Ga2O3 · 4 H2O · 2 NaCl (III) isolieren, das ebenfalls tetragonal und isotyp zu Na2[Al(OH)4]Cl [5] ist. Es handelt sich demnach um das Dinatriumtetrahydroxogallatchlorid Na2[Ga(OH)4]Cl. Die Ergebnisse der 71Ga- und 23Na-MASNMR-Messungen an den Verbindungen (I) bis (III) und deren thermisches Verhalten werden diskutiert.(I) crystallizes from sodium gallate solutions in a wide concentration field; from the X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis [1] results a three dimensional network structure, consisting of monomeric [Ga(OH)6]3- anions connected by NaO6 octahedra groups. Furthermore the structure contains water of crystallization and further hydroxide ions. (I) has to be formulated as nonasodium bis(hexahydroxogallate) trihydroxide hexahydrate Na9[Ga(OH)6]2(OH)3 · 6 H2O; it is isotypic with the corresponding sodium hydroxoaluminate [2, 3]. 5 Na2O · Ga2O3 · 8 H2O (II) was obtained from (I) in presence of sodium hydroxide by dehydration over P4O10 in an inert atmosphere (N2) at room temperature. (II) crystallizes tetragonally and is isotypic with Na10[Al(OH)6]2(OH)4 [4]. Accordingly it could be described as a decasodium bis(hexahydroxogallate) tetrahydroxide, Na10[Ga(OH)6]2(OH)4. Na2O · Ga2O3 · 4 H2O · 2 NaCl (III) was obtained by addition of sodium chloride to sodium gallate solutions, (III) crystallizes also tetragonally and is isotypic with (Na2[Al(OH)4]Cl [5]. Correspondingly, it has to be formulated as disodium tetrahydroxogallate chloride Na2[Ga(OH)4]Cl. The results of 71Ga and 23Na MAS NMR investigations of the compounds (I) to (III) and their thermal behaviour are discussed.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 27Al MAS NMR Studies on the Thermolysis of the Hexaaqua Aluminium Chloride [Al(H2O)6]Cl3Products of the thermolysis of the hexaaqua aluminium chloride [Al(H2O)6]Cl3 were prepared by keeping the dried educt for one hour under dried air flow at the selected temperature. Already after a pretreatment at 160°C, in addition to the signal of Aloct structural units, a new signal at 32 ppm is observed in the 27Al MAS NMR spectrum. After a small shift to 35 ppm this signal distinctly appears from 400°C up to 750°C, partially even dominating beside the signals of Aloct and Altet structural units. The samples calcined at 800 and 1000°C provide the known two-peak spectrum of γ-Al2O3. The chemical shifts of all of these peaks show characteristical values for the temperature ranges 〈 350°C, 400-750°C and 750-1000°C.After contact with water the samples primarily showing a three-peak spectrum give only rise to the Aloct peak. The sharp peak at 35 ppm which was already observed in the spectra of other strongly disordered aluminium-oxygen compounds as, e.g., metakaolinite, is assigned to relatively weak-distorted AlO5 units of trigonal bipyramidal structure.
    Notes: Thermolyseprodukte des Hexaaquaaluminium-chlorids, [Al(H2O)6]Cl3, wurden hergestellt, indem Proben des trockenen Eduktes jeweils eine Stunde im getrockneten Luftstrom bei den angegebenen Temperaturen gehalten wurden. Bereits nach einer Vorbehandlung bei 160°C ist im 27Al-MAS-NMR-Spektrum neben dem Signal der Alokt-Baugruppen ein neues Signal bei 32 ppm zu beobachten. Es ist, nach einer leichten Verschiebung auf etwa 35 ppm ab 400°C, bis 750°C eindeutig, z. T. dominierend, neben den Signalen der Alokt- und Altet-Baugruppen wahrzunehmen. Die auf 800 und 1000°C erhitzten Proben geben das bekannte 2-Peak-Spektrum des zunehmen. γ-Al2O3. Die chemischen Verschiebungen aller drei Signale nehmen für die Temperaturintervalle 〈 350°C; 400-750°C und 750-1000°C charakteristische Werte an. Proben mit dem 3-Peak-Spektrum zeigen nach Kontakt mit Wasser fast nur noch den Alokt-Peak. Das scharfe Signal bei 35 ppm, das bereits in anderen hoch-fehlgeordneten oxidischen Aluminium-Verbindungen, wie z. B. Metakaolinit, beobachtet wurde, wird auf relativ gering verzerrte AlO5-Baugruppen trigonal-bipyramidaler Struktur zurückgeführt.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 502 (1983), S. 132-140 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Aluminum Salts and their Solutions. XIV. Structural Function of Water in Basic Aluminum ChloridesThe structural function of water in basic aluminum chlorides as intercalation compounds was examined by X-ray, thermoanalytical, and solid state 1H-NMR investigations in connection with charging experiments in water vapor atmosphere. The basic salts were prepared by hydrothermal reaction of χ-Al2O3 with hydrochloric acid. It was shown, that the structural changes caused by loading with water vapor are reversible; the original state of the compounds may be recovered by a treatment in vacuum or by heating up to 130°C. The 1H-NMR spectrum of the H2O-loaded compounds consists of three components, caused by protons (a) of fixed coordination water or of OH- ions, (b) of adsorbed water molecules with possibility of random motion, (c) of water molecules with hindered mobility.The development of spectra as a function of specimen temperature and of specimen treatment shows, that the third component is bound to intercalated water, located in voids, the dimensions of which are in the order of magnitude of water molecules.
    Notes: Die strukturelle Funktion des Wassers in basischen Aluminiumchloriden als Intercalationsverbindungen wurde durch röntgendiffraktometrische, thermoanalytische und 1H-Festkörper-NMR-Untersuchungen in Verbindung mit Beladungsexperimenten in Wasserdampfatmosphäre studiert. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand dienten basische Salze, die durch hydrothermale Reaktion von χ-Al2O3 mit Salzsäure gewonnen worden waren. Es zeigte sich, daß die durch Wasserdampfbeladung erhaltenen Änderungen des strukturellen Zustandes reversibel sind; sie können durch Vakuumbehandlung oder durch Erwärmen der Probe bis etwa 130°C rückgängig gemacht werden. Das Protonenresonanzspektrum der H2O-dampfbeladenen Verbindungen besteht aus drei Komponenten, verursacht von Protonen des fest gebundenen Koordinationswassers bzw. von OH--Ionen, von frei beweglichen Adsorbatwasser und schließlich von Wassermolekülen mit behinderter Beweglichkeit. Die Ausbildung der Spektren als Funktion der Probentemperatur und der Probenbehandlung läßt die letzte Komponente eingelagerten Wassermolekülen zuordnen, wobei die Größe der Hohlräume der Wirtsstruktur in die Größenordnung der Abmessungen der Wassermoleküle kommt.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Aluminium Salts and their Solutions. VII. Influence of Preparation, Concentration, and Aging on the Constitution of Solutions of Basic Aluminium Salts0.1 to 4 molar basic aluminium chloride solutions - prepared by dissolving aluminium metal in substoichiometric quantities of hydrochloric acid and 10-4 to 0.2 molar basic solutions of aluminium chloride and perchlorate - prepared by adding alkali to the solutions of the neutral salts were investigated for the kinetics of their reactions with ferrone and by 27Al NMR spectroscopy. In all solutions the contents of polymeric species decreases at equal basicity with increasing aluminium concentration. On the other hand the Al13O40 complex is only formed in solutions prepared by addition of alkali. The differences of composition are confirmed by the aging behaviour of the solutions.
    Notes: 0,1 bis 4 molare basische Aluminiumchloridlösungen - hergestellt durch Auflösen von metallischem Aluminium in unterstöchiometrischen Mengen an Salzsäure und 10-4 bis 0,2 molare basische Lösungen von Aluminiumchlorid und -perchlorat - hergestellt durch Zugabe von Lauge zu den Lösungen der neutralen Salze werden in ihrem kinetischen Verhalten gegen Ferron und durch 27Al-Kernresonanz-Messungen untersucht. In allen Lösungen nimmt der Anteil an polymeren Teilchen bei gleichem Basizitätsgrad mit steigender Aluminiumkonzentration ab. Dagegen bildet sich nur in den durch Zugabe von Lauge hergestellten Lösungen der Al13O40-Komplex. Die unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung der Lösungen gibt sich auch in ihrem Alterungsverhalten zu erkennen.
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