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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slight tissue wounding fails to induce consistent chemical defense in three willow (Salix spp.) clones (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 101 (1995), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Tissue wounding ; Induced defense ; Secondary phenolics ; Willows ; Salicaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effects of natural wounding by insects and artificial wounding by clipping with scissors on the phenolic chemistry of two willows, Salix myrsinifolia and Salix pentandra. Half of the blade of a mature leaf was removed from each experimental plant either by allowing insects (chrysomellid beetles) to feed on the leaf or by clipping off half the blade of a leaf with scissors. We also examined the ability of wounded plants to warn neighboring plants of imminent wounding by an airborne signal by maintainign one set of control plants in the room containing the wounded plants and another set of control plants in a room hermetically sealed from the room containing the wounded plants. After 48 h, the experimental leaf and the fourth leaf and eighth leaf upwards in the leaf sequence from the experimental leaf were analyzed for phenols by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The same leaves in the leaf sequence from each control plant were similarly analyzed for phenols. Only one phenol, salicortin in leaves of S. myrsinifolia, increased in concentration in response to defoliation, and the observed response was small. The type of wounding affected this increase in salicortin, with natural wounding by insects causing a greater response than artificial wounding in one S. myrsinifolia clone, and artificial wounding causing a greater response than insect wounding in the other clone. This result indicates that S. myrsinifolia cannot control the effects of diffeeent types of wounding on its leaf secondary chemistry. We also found no indication of airborne warning signals between wounded and unwounded plants that trigger an elevation of leaf defenses in unwounded plants in anticipation of herbivore attack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329425
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germacrone defends labrador tea from browsing by snowshoe hares (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 1961-1970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Labrador tea ; Ledum groenlandicum ; snowshoe hare ; Lepus americanus ; herbivore ; plant chemical defense ; germacrone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), a slow-growing late successional evergreen, is highly unpalatable to snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Germacrone, a sesquiterpene that is the major component of the essential oil ofL. groenlandicum, was shown by bioassay to be a potent antifeedant to hares. Its concentrations in leaves and intemodes of the plant are high enough to defendL. groenlandicum from hares. This chemical defense of Labrador tea from herbivory is consistent with the resource availability theory of antiherbivore defense.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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