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  • Immunocytochemistry  (7)
  • Immobilization  (4)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous limonin degradation by immobilized Rhodococcus fascians cells in K-carrageenan (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Keywords: Key words Limonin ; Debittering ; Immobilization ; Rhodococcus fascians ; Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Limonin can be effectively degraded by Rhodococcus fascians cells. These bacteria can be entrapped in κ-carrageenan, and used in a continuous stirred tank reactor to degrade limonin in a continuous process. The effects of temperature, limonin concentration, dilution rate, and aeration on the reactor behaviour have been tested, and the results correlated with changes in limonin conversion, substrate degradation rate, and free and immobilized biomass. Results showed that the immobilized cells were able to debitter limonin-containing media and the immobilized biomass was quite stable throughout the operational conditions tested. A population of free biomass was present in the reactor, the quantity of which was dependent on dilution rate. The immobilized bacteria increased its limonin-degrading capability when the substrate concentration was increased. The aeration was not strictly necessary for limonin degradation. Additionally, the immobilized cells were active and stable for more than 2 months of continuous operation, and were able to recover their limonin-degrading capability when used intermittently. Finally, none of the main components of a juice was noticeably altered during limonin degradation, so the reactor response was good enough to consider its application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982541
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and production characteristics of permeabilized Coleus blumei cells in immobilized fed-batch culture (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 13 (1994), S. 459-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Coleus blumei ; Rosmarinic acid ; Immobilization ; DMSO ; Luffa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Permeabilized Coleus blumei cells were cultivated in an immobilized state to study the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations and growth regulators on cell growth and rosmarinic acid (RA) production characteristics. Luffa (the fibrous skeleton of mature fruit of Luffa cylindrica) was a good support matrix for cell immobilization because of its high void volume. Maximum cell loading capacity was 1.33 g dry cell weight (DCW)/g dry Luffa. The experiments were done in shake flasks with no free medium. The medium was supplied in a fed-batch mode to avoid the flotation of Luffa pieces. The sucrose in the medium was completely hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose without any sugar accumulation in the medium. The cell viability was slightly higher in the cells on top of the Luffa than those in the middle. Cell growth rate and rosmarinic acid (RA) production were approximately half that obtained in cell suspension cultures. Cell yield (g DCW/g glucose) was similar to that of cell suspension cultures. The absence of growth regulators did not promote an increase of RA production but did decrease the cell mass. The second step preconditioning with 0.5% DMSO did not improve the cell's adaptability to higher DMSO concentrations and the cell mass did not increase with 2.5% DMSO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231967
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous limonin degradation by immobilizedRhodococcus fascians cells in K-carrageenan (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Keywords: Limonin ; Debittering ; Immobilization ; Rhodococcus fascians ; Continuous Stirred Tank ; Reactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Limonin can be effectively degraded byRhodococcus fascians cells. These bacteria can be entraped in κ-carrageenan, and used in a continuous stirred tank reactor to degrade limonin in a continuous process. The effects of temperature limonin concentration, dilution rate, and aeration on the reactor behaviour have been tested, and the results correlated with changes in limonin conversion, substrate degradation rate, and free and immobilized biomass. Results showed that the immobilized cells were able to debitter limonin-containing media and the immobilized biomass was quite stable throughout the operational conditions tested. A population of free biomass was present in the reactor, the quantity of which was dependent on dilution rate. The immobilized bacteria increased its limonin-degrading capability when the substrate concentration was increased. The aeration was not strictly necessary for limonin degradation. Additionally, the immobilized cells were active and stable for more than 2 months of continuous operation, and were able to recover their limonin-degrading capability when used intermittently. Finally, none of the main components of a juice was noticeably altered during limonin degradation, so the reactor response was good enough to consider its application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982541
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous limonin degradation by immobilizedRhodococcus fascians cells in K-carrageenan (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Keywords: Limonin ; Debittering ; Immobilization ; Rhodococcus fascians ; Continuous Stirred Tank ; Reactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Limonin can be effectively degraded byRhodococcus fascians cells. These bacteria can be entraped in κ-carrageenan, and used in a continuous stirred tank reactor to degrade limonin in a continuous process. The effects of temperature limonin concentration, dilution rate, and aeration on the reactor behaviour have been tested, and the results correlated with changes in limonin conversion, substrate degradation rate, and free and immobilized biomass. Results showed that the immobilized cells were able to debitter limonin-containing media and the immobilized biomass was quite stable throughout the operational conditions tested. A population of free biomass was present in the reactor, the quantity of which was dependent on dilution rate. The immobilized bacteria increased its limonin-degrading capability when the substrate concentration was increased. The aeration was not strictly necessary for limonin degradation. Additionally, the immobilized cells were active and stable for more than 2 months of continuous operation, and were able to recover their limonin-degrading capability when used intermittently. Finally, none of the main components of a juice was noticeably altered during limonin degradation, so the reactor response was good enough to consider its application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939041
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the diffuse endocrine system in the chicken proventriculus (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 271 (1993), S. 107-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Proventriculus ; Endocrine ontogenesis ; Ultrastructure ; Regulatory peptides ; Immunocytochemistry ; Silver impregnations ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of endocrine cells in the chicken proventriculus has been investigated using light-and electron-microscopy in conjunction with silver and immunocytochemical techniques. The first morphologically detectable endocrine cells were found in 5-day-old embryos by electron microscopy. From the 9th to the 13th day, endocrine cells in contact with the lumen of the organ could be detected both by electron and light (silver impregnation) microscopy. The number of open-type endocrine cells progressively decreased and the number of closed-type increased after this stage. Until the 16th day, endocrine cells were located exclusively in the luminal epithelium, but afterwards they appeared in progressively greater numbers in the compound glands. After hatching, long cytoplasmic processes could be seen in the endocrine cells. Immunoreactivities to regulatory substances appeared in the following order: serotonin (day-14), avian pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and somatostatin (day-16), bombesin and neurotensin (day-18), and finally, met-enkephalin (day-21).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297548
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural characterization of endocrine cells in chicken proventriculus (1991)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 263 (1991), S. 541-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Proventriculus ; Endocrine secretory cells ; Secretory granules ; Peptide hormones ; Colocalization ; Immunocytochemistry ; Colloidal gold ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The endocrine cells of the chicken proventriculus were investigated immunocytochemically, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique on paraffin and semithin sections for light microscopy, and immunogold staining in osmium-fixed material for electron microscopy. The fixation procedure also allowed a detailed ultrastructural investigation. Twenty-three antisera were tested and 7 immunoreactive cell-types were identified: D-cells containing somatostatin-like peptide; EG-cells immunoreactive to anti-glucagon, anti-GLP1 and antineurotensin; NT-cells labelled only with anti-neurotensin; BN-cells containing bombesin-like material; ENK-cells showing met-enkephalin immunoreactivity; EC-cells reactive to anti-serotonin; and APP-cells positive to anti-avian pancreatic polypeptide. In addition, enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, were also detected by electron microscopy. The presence of ENK-cells and the ultrastructure of these and NT-cells are described for the first time in chicken proventriculus, and glucagon, GLP1 and neurotensin are shown to be colocalized in the EG-cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327287
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulatory peptides in gut endocrine cells and nerves in the starfish Marthasterias glacialis (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 271 (1993), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Gut ; Innervation ; Regulatory peptides ; Endocrine cells ; Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The endocrine cells of the starfish digestive tract are spindle-shaped, contacting both the lumen and the basiepithelial plexus. Silver impregnation labels the basiepithelial and subcoelomic plexuses as well as these cells. Twenty antisera have been tested using the avidinbiotin method, in order to identify the regulatory substances involved in this system. Endocrine cells and nerves immunoreactive to GFNSALMFamide- (S1), FMRFamide-, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine-(PYY), pancreatic polypeptide- (PP), melanocyte stimulating hormone- (αMSH) and peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase- (PAM) specific antisera have been found in the epithelium. The antibodies against S1, a peptide isolated from the nervous system of a starfish, and αMSH, stain both the basiepithelial plexus and the subcoelomic plexus, but the others react only with nerves in the basiepithelial plexus. Absorption controls show that antibodies for S1 and FMRFamide totally crossreact recognizing the same molecule, possibly S1. The other antibodies do not show cross-reactivity to any of the rest, and thus we conclude that these regulatory peptides are present in starfish. This is the first report of the presence of FMRFamide, PYY, αMSH and PAM in the Echinodermata. Under the electron microscope the endocrine cells exhibit secretory granules, microtubules and mitochondria. Direct contact with the subcoelomic plexus can be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318624
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric oxide (NO) synthase immunoreactivity in the starfish Marthasterias glacialis (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 599-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nitric oxide synthase ; Nervous system ; Gut ; Endocrine cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroendocrine system of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis was investigated immunocytochemically using antisera specific for rat neuronal, bovine aortic endothelial, and mouse macrophage, nitric oxide (NO) synthases. Immunoreactivity was detected only with the antibodies specific for the neural enzyme, in the ectoneural and hyponeural tissues of the radial nerve cords and in the basiepithelial plexus and endocrine cells of the digestive tract. The pyloric stomach showed more immunoreactive structures than the other digestive organs, with the rectal caeca showing the least activity. Immunoreactive endocrine cells were located in the cardiac and pyloric stomachs and in the pyloric caeca. Co-localization of the enzyme immunoreactivity, and the staining for NADPH-diaphorase, demonstrate the presence of NO synthase in echinoderms. These results provide further evidence that NO is a neuronal messenger of early phylogenetic origin which has been conserved throughout evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318828
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C-PON immunoreactive neurons in the neostriatum of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus): a correlated light- and electron-microscopic study (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: C-PON ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neostriatum ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Erinaceus europaeus (Insectivora)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study provides light- and electronmicroscopic immunocytochemical data on the presence of neurons that are immunoreactive to the C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y, C-PON, in the neostriatum of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). Positive neurons have mostly fusiform or round perikarya from which two to four poorly branched processes arise. Immunostained fibers and puncta are also evenly distributed throughout the neostriatum. Ultrastructurally, each neuron exhibits a deeply invaginated nucleus surrounded by abundant cytoplasm with a well-developed rought endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Positive neurons receive symmetric and asymmetric synapses from unlabeled terminals. The results of this study can be correlated with previous findings, as the C-PON-positive neurons of the hedgehog resemble medium-sized neostriatal neurons that are known to be local circuit neurons exhibiting C-PON in the rat. Thus, a high degree of C-PON neuronal system phylogenetic conservation and function can be postulated for the neostriatum of mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303094
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C-PON immunoreactive neurons in the neostriatum of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus): a correlated light- and electron-microscopic study (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 277 (1994), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: C-PON ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neostriatum ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Erinaceus europaeus (Insectivora)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The present study provides light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemical data on the presence of neurons that are immunoreactive to the C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y, C-PON, in the neostriatum of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). Positive neurons have mostly fusiform or round perikarya from which two to four poorly branched processes arise. Immunostained fibers and puncta are also evenly distributed throughout the neostriatum. Ultrastructurally, each neuron exhibits a deeply invaginated nucleus surrounded by abundant cytoplasm with a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Positive neurons receive symmetric and asymmetric synapses from unlabeled terminals. The results of this study can be correlated with previous findings, as the C-PON-positive neurons of the hedgehog resemble medium-sized neostriatal neurons that are known to be local circuit neurons exhibiting C-PON in the rat. Thus, a high degree of C-PON neuronal system phylogenetic conservation and function can be postulated for the neostriatum of mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303094
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