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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the antinociception produced by two oral formulations of ibuprofen: ibuprofen effervescent vs ibuprofen tablets (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 107-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Nociception ; Ibuprofen; irritation ; anal-gesia ; human ; NSAID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the dose-related effects of both ibuprofen tablets and ibuprofen effervescent [placebo, 400 and 800 mg ibuprofen (Aktren)] on phasic pain. Patients: Twenty volunteers participated in this randomized, double-dummy, fivefold crossover study. Methods: Measurements were obtained before and 15, 60 and 240 min after drug administration. Pain was produced by CO2 pulses applied to the left nostril. Subjects rated the intensity of the painful stimuli by means of a visual analogue scale. In addition, chemosomatosensory event-related potentials were recorded. Results: In line with previous work, ibuprofen produced a dose-related decrease in pain-related potential amplitudes P1N1, indicating its antinociceptive effects. Higher plasma concentrations of ibuprofen were reached 15–40 min after administration of the effervescent while ibuprofen tablets had a tmax 60–90 min after administration. In addition, 60 min after intake of the effervescent a prolongation of the latencies of the potentials was observed, possibly reflecting superior antinociceptive properties when compared to ibuprofen tablets. In addition, the effervescent appeared to have more consistent effects on intensity estimates compared to ibuprofen tablets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050258
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Determination of Methadone in Plasma, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Urine by Gas Chromatography and Its Application to Routine Drug Monitoring (1993)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 10 (1993), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: methadone ; gas chromatography with nitrogen–phosphorus detection ; plasma ; urine ; cerebrospinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Determination of methadone (MET) in biological fluids can serve to adjust dosages in patients suffering from cancer pain or participating in methadone maintenance programs. We developed a gas chromatographic assay using nitrogen-phosphorus detection. The method involves a single-step extraction from alkalized plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine into n-hexane/isoamylalcohol (99/1, v/v). Dextropropoxyphene was used as internal standard. Separation was achieved with a silica SE-52-CB column (13 m × 0.25-mm I.D.). The method was validated for the determination of MET in plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid with a quantification limit of 0.5 ng/ mL. The coefficients of variation for within-day and between-day precision were within 10.2 and 14.1%, respectively. Approximately 100 samples can be analyzed by one person in the course of a working day, making the method applicable to routine drug monitoring. The method was demonstrated to be sensitive and accurate for pharmacokinetic studies in plasma, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018904825958
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of methadone in beagle dogs (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 6 (1994), S. 492-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: enantiomers ; methadone ; pharmacokinetics ; beagle dog ; iv administration ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pharmacokinetics of methadone were studied in beagle dogs (n = 4) following intravenous administration of the racemate (0.5 mg/kg) and of the individual (R)-(0.25 mg/kg) and (S)-enantiomers (0.25 mg/kg) using a stereospecific HPLC assay. There was no significant difference between the pharmacokinetic parameters of (R)-methadone and (S)-methadone following administration of the individual enantiomers. Stereoselective differences were evident following administration of the racemate (P values for differences in AUC and CL were 0.001 and 0.046, respectively) and the clearance of the (S)-enantiomer was increased when administered as part of the racemate (316 ± 81 vs 487 ± 128 ml/min, P = 0.04). The data suggest that stereoselective disposition including potential enantiomer-enantiomer interactions should be considered in pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies of (R,S)-methadone. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530060608
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