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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (844)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (755)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (630)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (539)
  • 1980-1984  (1.716)
  • 1970-1974  (1.052)
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  • 1
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    Frequency-doubled CO2 lidar measurement and diode laser spectroscopy of atmospheric CO2 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: A lidar instrument based on pulsed frequency-doubled carbon-dioxide lasers has been used at 4.88 microns for remote sensing of atmospheric carbon dioxide. A tunable-diode laser spectrometer provided the high-resolution spectroscopic data on carbon-dioxide line strength and line broadening needed for an accurate differential absorption measurement. Initial field measurements are presented, and instrument improvements necessary for accurate carbon dioxide measurement are discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 22; Sept. 1
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Impact of Thematic Mapper Sensor Characteristics on Classification Accuracy (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-13
    Beschreibung: A three factor (spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolution), two level (TM and MSS) analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach allowed evaluation of the effects of each factor individually and in all possible combinations. Digital classification accuracy was used as the figure of merit. Nine study sites in Washington, D.C. each of approximately 256 x 256 TM pixels, were randomly selected from the full scene for analysis. These results strongly suggest that the quantization level improvements and the addition of new spectral bands in the visible and middle IR regions (both afforded by the TM sensor design) can result in improved capabilities to accurately delineate land cover categories using a per point Gaussian maximum likelihood classifier. On the other hand, results indicate that the increase in spatial resolution to 30m does not significantly enhance classification accuracy. The spatial result points to an inherent limitation of a per point classifier and to the need to improve data analysis techniques to handle high spatial resolution data.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: LANDSAT-4 Sci. Invest. Summ., Including Dec. 1983 Workshop Results, Vol. 2; p 93-97
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Disappearing ionospheres on the nightside of Venus (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Instruments on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter have detected a substantial ionosphere on the nightside of Venus during most orbits. However, during some orbits the nightside ionosphere seems to have almost disappeared, existing only as irregular patches of low-density plasma. The solar wind dynamic pressure on these occasions is greater than average. Data from several instruments (Langmuir probe, ion mass spectrometer, retarding potential analyzer, magnetometer, and plasma analyzer) have been correlated for a number of orbits during which the nightside ionosphere had disappeared. The magnetic field tends to be coherent, horizontal, and larger than usual, and the electron and ion temperatures are much larger than they usually are on the nightside. Mechanisms are suggested which might explain the reasons for the disappearance of the ionosphere when the solar wind dynamic pressure is large.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Carbon monoxide detector (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: A sensitive carbon monoxide detector, developed specifically for spacecraft use, is described. An instrument range of 0 to 60 ppm CO in air was devised. The fuel cell type detector is used as a highly sensitive electrolysis cell for electrochemically detecting gases. The concept of an electrochemical CO detector is discussed and the CO oxidation behavior in phosphoric and sulfuric acid electrolytes is reported.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: NASA-CR-120171
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Temperature emission spectrum of exoelectrons of lunar regolith (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-11
    Beschreibung: Thermostimulated exoelectronic emission of eight fragments of regolith returned by the Soviet Luna 16 automatic station was studied. The nature of the exoemission glove-curves was determined by particle type. Fragments of breccia, sinter, slag, anorthosite, glass plate, and leucocratic gabbro after the first heating disclosed a single exoemission maximum, whose temperature position is in the range 115 to 200 C. The data obtained indicate the complex and inhomogeneous energy structure of some regolith fragments. The presence of surface states capable of forming sorptive bonds can be assumed for most particles. The exoemission of anorthosite, olivine, and the glass spherule is due to the presence of formation defects at their surfaces.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar Soil from the Sea of Fertility (NASA-TT-F-15881); p 528-537
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Exoelectronic emission of particles of lunar surface material (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-11
    Beschreibung: A secondary electron multiplier was used to study the thermostimulated exoelectronic emission of particles of lunar surface material returned by the Soviet Luna 16 automatic station. The natural exoemission from fragments of slag, glass, anorthosite, and a metallic particle was recorded in the isochronic and isothermal thermostimulation regimes. The temperature of emission onset depended on the type of regolith fragment. For the first three particles the isothermal drop in emission is described by first-order kinetic equations. For the anorthosite fragment, exoemission at constant temperature is characterized by a symmetric curve with a maximum. These data indicate the presence of active surface defects, whose nature can be due to the prehistory of the particles.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar Soil from the Sea of Fertility (NASA-TT-F-15881); p 521-527
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Some results of track method of investigating Luna 16 lunar material (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-11
    Beschreibung: Preliminary data from an investigation of tracks in olivine crystals, separated from the five zones of a lunar surface material core, are reported. The gradients of track densities, their lengths, and their angular distribution were measured with an optical microscope. Throughout the core depth (35 cm) crystals bearing traces of exposure to low energy solar cosmic rays were found, indicating the occurrence of mixing processes in the surficial layer of lunar surface material. The age of the occurrence of the samples investigated on the lunar surface, calculated from the track density, is in the interval 0.7 to 16 million years.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Lunar Soil from the Sea of Fertility (NASA-TT-F-15881); p 379-387
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Photometry and polarimetry of Saturn at 2640 and 7500 A (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Voyager 2 photometric and polarimetric data are reduced and tabulated, with spatially resolved limb-to-terminator scans across Saturn's equatorial zone providing information on the altitude distribution of UV-absorbing hazes, together with the phase function and polarizing properties of stratospheric and tropospheric aerosols. It is found that the UV photometry and polarimetry are best fit by Rayleigh's phase matrix. A stratospheric haze of small particles is allowed as long as the optical depth is near unity or less, and the center of the haze layer is in the 30 to 70 mbar region. The altitudes presently derived for three latitudes agree with those obtained by ground-based methane band studies and analyses from Pioneer 11. A high altitude absorber is abundant in the polar regions.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; 8679-869
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Photopolarimetry from Voyager 2 - Preliminary results on Saturn, Titan, and the rings (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The Voyager 2 photopolarimeter was reprogrammed prior to the August 1981 Saturn encounter to perform orthogonal-polarization, two-color measurements on Saturn, Titan, and the rings. Saturn's atmosphere has ultraviolet limb brightening in the mid-latitudes and pronounced polar darkening north of 65 deg N. Titan's opaque atmosphere shows strong positive polarization at all phase angles (2.7 deg to 154 deg), and no single-size spherical particle model appears to fit the data. A single radial stellar occultation of the darkened, shadowed rings indicated a ring thickness of less than 200 meters at several locations and clear evidence for density waves caused by satellite resonances. Multiple, very narrow strands of material were found in the Encke division and within the brightest single strand of the F ring.
    Schlagwort(e): LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Materialart: Science; 215; Jan. 29
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Molecular Clouds Within 100 Pc (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-16
    Beschreibung: Observations at the 2.6 mm line of CO reveal the presence of a large number of molecular clouds at high galactic latitude. If the velocity dispersion of the clouds is a measure of their scale height, the mean distance of the ensemble detected is 100 pc. The clouds are unusual in that either they are not gravitationally bound or they are very deficient in CO relative to molecular hydrogen. These clouds represent a heretofore unrecognized component of the local interstellar medium. If they are pervasive in the Milky Way, they probably represent the small molecular cloud component of the interstellar medium.
    Schlagwort(e): ASTROPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Local Interstellar Medium, No. 81; p 231-234
    Format: text
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