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  • ASTRONOMY  (310)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (287)
  • 1985-1989  (597)
  • 1
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    Observations of the J = 10 manifold of the pure rotational band of phosphine on Saturn (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Saturn was observed in the vicinity of the J = 10 manifold of the pure rotational band of phosphine on 1984 July 10 and 12 from NASA's Kuiper Airborne Observatory with the facility far-infrared cooled grating spectrometer. On each night observations of the full disk plus rings were made at 4 to 6 discrete wavelengths which selectively sampled the manifold and the adjacent continuum. The previously reported detection of this manifold is confirmed. After subtraction of the flux due to the rings, the data are compared with disk-averaged models of Saturn. It is found that PH3 must be strongly depleted above the thermal inversion (approx. 70 mbar). The best fitting models consistent with other observational constaints indicate that PH3 is significantly depleted at even deeper atmospheric levels ( or = 500 mbar), implying an eddy diffusion coefficient for Saturn of 10 to the 4 cm sq/sec.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-TM-86851 , REPT-85434 , PREPRINT-SER-042 , NAS 1.15:86851
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Fast spectroscopic variations on rapidly-rotating, cool dwarfs. 3: Masses of circumstellar absorbing clouds on AB Doradus (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: New time-resolved H alpha, Ca II H and K and Mg II h and k spectra of the rapidly-rotating K0 dwarf star AB Doradus (= HD 36705). The transient absorption features seen in the H alpha line are also present in the Ca II and Mg II resonance lines. New techniques are developed for measuring the average strength of the line absorption along lines of sight intersecting the cloud. These techniques also give a measure of the projected cloud area. The strength of the resonance line absorption provides useful new constraints on the column densities, projected surface areas, temperatures and internal turbulent velocity dispersions of the circumstellar clouds producing the absorption features. At any given time the star appears to be surrounded by at least 6 to 10 clouds with masses in the range 2 to 6 x 10(exp 17) g. The clouds appear to have turbulent internal velocity dispersions of order 3 to 20 km/s, comparable with the random velocities of discrete filamentary structures in solar quiescent prominences. Night-to-night changes in the amount of Ca II resonance line absorption can be explained by changes in the amplitude of turbulent motions in the clouds. The corresponding changes in the total energy of the internal motions are of order 10(exp 29) erg per cloud. Changes of this magnitude could easily be activated by the frequent energetic (approximately 10(exp 34) erg) x ray flares seen on this star.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-186563 , NAS 1.26:186563
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  • 3
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    Research in planetary astronomy and operation of the 2.2-meter telescope (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The turn-around in the secular change in brightness of Pluto was detected, the planet is now beginning to brighten. The spectral signature was found of an ammonia bearing compound in the surface ices of Europa. Specific Io volcanic hotspots were detected from infrared photometry of the mutual events of the Jovian satellites. The polarized emission from the volcanic hotspots on Io was discovered and the locations of those hotspots were determined. The orbit of Charon was refined from speckle observations of the Pluto-Charon system. The spectral properties of liquid nitrogen-methane mixtures with reference to the infrared spectrum of Triton were studied. Major progress was made in modeling asteroid lightcurves from a modern theory of photometric properties of the asteroid surfaces. Several additional olivine-rich asteroids from near-infrared spectrophotometry were discovered. Important photometric, spectroscopic, narrow-band imaging data on Comet P/Halley was acquired, along with Schmidt photographs of Comet P/Halley and its tail.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 28-31
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    The project EGRET (Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope) on NASA's Gamma-Ray Observatory (GRO) (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The design, predicted performance, and scientific objectives of the 20-30,000-MeV gamma-ray telescope EGRET for the NASA GRO spacecraft (scheduled for Space Shuttle launch to a 450-km 28.5-deg orbit in 1990) are reviewed. The other GRO instruments are briefly characterized, including the burst and transient-source experiment, the oriented scintillation spectrometer, and the imaging Compton telescope. EGRET comprises an anticoincidence system, a spark chamber, a triggering telescope, an NaI total-absorption spectrometer, a gas supply capable of refilling the chamber four times, and support electronics. EGRET will operate with energy resolution about 15 percent, effective area about 2000 sq cm, sensitivity about 5 x 10 to the -8th/sq cm sec, angular resolution 0.1-0.4 deg, and FOV about 40 deg FWHM. Observations of Galactic point sources, Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, gamma-ray bursts, and solar flares are planned.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Space Science Reviews (ISSN 0038-6308); 49; 1-2,
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  • 5
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    A VLBI survey at 2.29 GHz (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: VLBI observations at 2.29 GHz with fringe spacings of about 3 milliarcsec have been performed on 1398 radio sources spread over the entire sky. 917 sources were detected, including 93 percent of the identified BL Lacertae objects, 86 percent of the quasars, and 36 percent of the galaxies. The resulting catalog of compact radio sources is useful for various astrophysical studies and in the formation of VLBI celestial reference frames.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 90; 1599-164
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  • 6
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    An intercomparison of nitric oxide measurement techniques (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from an intercomparison of techniques to measure tropospheric levels of nitric oxide (NO) are discussed. The intercomparison was part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric Experiment and was conducted at Wallops Island, VA, in July 1983. Instruments intercompared included a laser-induced fluorescence system and two chemiluminescence instruments. The intercomparisons were performed with ambient air at NO mixing ratios ranging from 10 to 60 pptv and NO-enriched ambient air at mixing ratios from 20 to 170 pptv. All instruments sampled from a common manifold. The techniques exhibited a high degree of correlation among themselves and with changes in the NO mixing ratio. Agreement among the three techniques was placed at approximately + or - 30 percent. Within this level of agreement, no artifacts or species interferences were identified.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 7
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    Arcsecond positions for milliarcsecond VLBI nuclei of extragalactic radio sources. III - 74 sources (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: VLBI measurements at 2290 and 8420 MHz on baselines of 10,000 km have been used to determine the positions of the milliarcsecond nuclei in 74 extragalactic radio sources. Estimated accuracies range from 0.1 to 4.3 arcsec in both right ascension and declination with typical accuracies of about 0.3 arcsec. The observed sources are part of an all-sky VLBI catalog of milliarcsecond radio sources. Arcsecond positions have been determined for 819 sources. These positions are presently being used to identify optical counterparts in the southern hemisphere.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 90; 590-594
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  • 8
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    A ground-based experimental test program to duplicate and study the spacecraft glow phenomenon (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The use of a plasma device, the Advanced Concepts Torus-I, for producing atoms and molecules to study spacecraft glow mechanisms is discussed. A biased metal plate, located in the plasma edge, is used to accelerate and neutralize plasma ions, thus generating a neutral beam with a flux approx. 5 x 10 to the 14th power/sq cm/sec at the end of a drift tube. Our initial experiments are to produce a 10 eV molecular and atomic nitrogen beam directed onto material targets. Photon emission in the spectral range 2000 to 9000 A from excited species formed on the target surface will be investigated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center 2d Workshop on Spacecraft Glow; p 202-211
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  • 9
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    Telemycology - A novel approach to monitoring environmental microbial load in Space Station Freedom (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The currently available methods for monitoring environmental microbial load call for the cultivation of microbes on laboratory media, a time- and material-consuming task that is potentially hazardous. Telemycology proposed in this communication is designed to eliminate the need for growing microbes, especially fungi, on board the spacecraft and to shift the bulk of the work-load to the ground-based Microbiology Laboratory. The system is based on the principle of trapping microbial propagules on a membrane filter, treating it with a microbe-enhancing reagent, and examining under a microscope down-linked to the central laboratory equipped with a synchronized televideo, telerobotics, and image banking system.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: SAE PAPER 891542
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  • 10
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    Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) image reconstruction and restoration (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: IRAS sky mapping data is being reconstructed as images, and an entropy-based restoration algorithm is being applied in an attempt to improve spatial resolution in extended sources. Reconstruction requires interpolation of non-uniformly sampled data. Restoration is accomplished with an iterative algorithm which begins with an inverse filter solution and iterates on it with a weighted entropy-based spectral subtraction.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Advances in image processing; Mar 31, 1987 - Apr 03, 1987; The Hague; Netherlands
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