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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for genetic similarity detection in human marriage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 6 (1985), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Assortative mating ; Genetic similarity ; Heritability ; Humans ; Kin recognition
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0162-3095(85)90030-5
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating paternity confidence
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 8 (1987), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Humans ; Paternity confidence ; Relatedness
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(87)90045-8
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Factors that alter rumen microbial ecology (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-16
    Description: Ruminant animals and ruminal microorganisms have a symbiotic relationship that facilitates fiber digestion, but domestic ruminants in developed countries are often fed an abundance of grain and little fiber. When ruminants are fed fiber-deficient rations, physiological mechanisms of homeostasis are disrupted, ruminal pH declines, microbial ecology is altered, and the animal becomes more susceptible to metabolic disorders and, in some cases, infectious disease. Some disorders can be counteracted by feed additives (for example, antibiotics and buffers), but these additives can alter the composition of the ruminal ecosystem even further.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, J B -- Rychlik, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 11;292(5519):1119-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11352069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Domestic/anatomy & histology/microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Bacteria/metabolism/pathogenicity ; Digestive System/anatomy & histology/*microbiology/parasitology/physiopathology ; *Digestive System Physiological Phenomena ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; *Ecology ; Eukaryota/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Homeostasis ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ruminants/anatomy & histology/*microbiology/parasitology/*physiology ; Symbiosis/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Inattentional blindness versus inattentional amnesia for fixated but ignored words (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-01-05
    Description: People often are unable to report the content of ignored information, but it is unknown whether this reflects a complete failure to perceive it (inattentional blindness) or merely that it is rapidly forgotten (inattentional amnesia). Here functional imaging is used to address this issue by measuring brain activity for unattended words. When attention is fully engaged with other material, the brain no longer differentiates between meaningful words and random letters, even when they are looked at directly. These results demonstrate true inattentional blindness for words and show that visual recognition wholly depends on attention even for highly familiar and meaningful stimuli at the center of gaze.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rees, G -- Russell, C -- Frith, C D -- Driver, J -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 24;286(5449):2504-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK. geraint@klab.caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10617465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Attention/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Processes/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Crystal structures of oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus neuraminidase mutants (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-16
    Description: The potential impact of pandemic influenza makes effective measures to limit the spread and morbidity of virus infection a public health priority. Antiviral drugs are seen as essential requirements for control of initial influenza outbreaks caused by a new virus, and in pre-pandemic plans there is a heavy reliance on drug stockpiles. The principal target for these drugs is a virus surface glycoprotein, neuraminidase, which facilitates the release of nascent virus and thus the spread of infection. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) are two currently used neuraminidase inhibitors that were developed using knowledge of the enzyme structure. It has been proposed that the closer such inhibitors resemble the natural substrate, the less likely they are to select drug-resistant mutant viruses that retain viability. However, there have been reports of drug-resistant mutant selection in vitro and from infected humans. We report here the enzymatic properties and crystal structures of neuraminidase mutants from H5N1-infected patients that explain the molecular basis of resistance. Our results show that these mutants are resistant to oseltamivir but still strongly inhibited by zanamivir owing to an altered hydrophobic pocket in the active site of the enzyme required for oseltamivir binding. Together with recent reports of the viability and pathogenesis of H5N1 (ref. 7) and H1N1 (ref. 8) viruses with neuraminidases carrying these mutations, our results indicate that it would be prudent for pandemic stockpiles of oseltamivir to be augmented by additional antiviral drugs, including zanamivir.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, Patrick J -- Haire, Lesley F -- Lin, Yi Pu -- Liu, Junfeng -- Russell, Rupert J -- Walker, Philip A -- Skehel, John J -- Martin, Stephen R -- Hay, Alan J -- Gamblin, Steven J -- MC_U117512711/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U117512723/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U117570592/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U117584222/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 26;453(7199):1258-61. doi: 10.1038/nature06956. Epub 2008 May 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Drug Resistance, Viral ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects/enzymology/genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/*drug effects/*enzymology/genetics ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Kinetics ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Conformation ; Mutation/*genetics ; Neuraminidase/antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Oseltamivir/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Zanamivir/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Characterization of two classes of small molecule inhibitors of Arp2/3 complex (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-04
    Description: Polymerization of actin filaments directed by the actin-related protein (Arp)2/3 complex supports many types of cellular movements. However, questions remain regarding the relative contributions of Arp2/3 complex versus other mechanisms of actin filament nucleation to processes such as path finding by neuronal growth cones; this is because of the lack of simple methods to inhibit Arp2/3 complex reversibly in living cells. Here we describe two classes of small molecules that bind to different sites on the Arp2/3 complex and inhibit its ability to nucleate actin filaments. CK-0944636 binds between Arp2 and Arp3, where it appears to block movement of Arp2 and Arp3 into their active conformation. CK-0993548 inserts into the hydrophobic core of Arp3 and alters its conformation. Both classes of compounds inhibit formation of actin filament comet tails by Listeria and podosomes by monocytes. Two inhibitors with different mechanisms of action provide a powerful approach for studying the Arp2/3 complex in living cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780427/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780427/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nolen, B J -- Tomasevic, N -- Russell, A -- Pierce, D W -- Jia, Z -- McCormick, C D -- Hartman, J -- Sakowicz, R -- Pollard, T D -- F32 GM074374-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-066311/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM074374-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM066311/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM066311-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 EB009998/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 20;460(7258):1031-4. doi: 10.1038/nature08231. Epub 2009 Aug 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19648907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/drug effects/metabolism ; Actin-Related Protein 2/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism ; Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism ; Actin-Related Protein 3/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism ; Actins/chemistry/metabolism ; Animals ; Biopolymers/chemistry/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Indoles/classification/metabolism/pharmacology ; Listeria/physiology ; Models, Molecular ; Monocytes/immunology ; Protein Conformation/drug effects ; Schizosaccharomyces ; Thiazoles/chemistry/classification/metabolism/pharmacology ; Thiophenes/classification/metabolism/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Robotics: Ethics of artificial intelligence (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, Stuart -- Hauert, Sabine -- Altman, Russ -- Veloso, Manuela -- England -- Nature. 2015 May 28;521(7553):415-8. doi: 10.1038/521415a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, Berkeley.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26017428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Artificial Intelligence/*ethics/*trends ; Communication ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical ; Diagnosis ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Public Opinion ; Research Personnel ; Risk Management ; Robotics/*ethics/*trends ; Symbiosis ; Weapons/ethics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Some of the tough decisions required by a national health plan (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The goals of providing coverage for everyone in the United States and controlling the growth in national health expenditures require difficult decisions about what medical services to provide. Currently accepted practices vary enormously in the amount of health they produce for a given expenditure. Studies of the health effects of several major interventions in relation to their costs--Pap smears, mammography, coronary care units, bypass surgery, and cholesterol reduction--indicate the kinds of choices to be made.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, L B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):892-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2510299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Humans ; *National Health Insurance, United States/economics ; *Resource Allocation ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Mentoring. Linking student interests to science curricula (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denofrio, Lauren A -- Russell, Brandy -- Lopatto, David -- Lu, Yi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1872-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Science Disciplines/*education ; Chemistry/*education ; *Curriculum ; Humans ; *Mentors ; Teaching/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    The global circulation of seasonal influenza A (H3N2) viruses (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-19
    Description: Antigenic and genetic analysis of the hemagglutinin of approximately 13,000 human influenza A (H3N2) viruses from six continents during 2002-2007 revealed that there was continuous circulation in east and Southeast Asia (E-SE Asia) via a region-wide network of temporally overlapping epidemics and that epidemics in the temperate regions were seeded from this network each year. Seed strains generally first reached Oceania, North America, and Europe, and later South America. This evidence suggests that once A (H3N2) viruses leave E-SE Asia, they are unlikely to contribute to long-term viral evolution. If the trends observed during this period are an accurate representation of overall patterns of spread, then the antigenic characteristics of A (H3N2) viruses outside E-SE Asia may be forecast each year based on surveillance within E-SE Asia, with consequent improvements to vaccine strain selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, Colin A -- Jones, Terry C -- Barr, Ian G -- Cox, Nancy J -- Garten, Rebecca J -- Gregory, Vicky -- Gust, Ian D -- Hampson, Alan W -- Hay, Alan J -- Hurt, Aeron C -- de Jong, Jan C -- Kelso, Anne -- Klimov, Alexander I -- Kageyama, Tsutomu -- Komadina, Naomi -- Lapedes, Alan S -- Lin, Yi P -- Mosterin, Ana -- Obuchi, Masatsugu -- Odagiri, Takato -- Osterhaus, Albert D M E -- Rimmelzwaan, Guus F -- Shaw, Michael W -- Skepner, Eugene -- Stohr, Klaus -- Tashiro, Masato -- Fouchier, Ron A M -- Smith, Derek J -- DP1-OD000490-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- MC_U117512723/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Apr 18;320(5874):340-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1154137.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18420927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigenic Variation ; Asia/epidemiology ; Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Europe/epidemiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Forecasting ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics/*immunology ; Humans ; *Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/classification/genetics/immunology/isolation & ; purification ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/virology ; North America/epidemiology ; Oceania ; Phylogeny ; Population Surveillance ; Seasons ; South America/epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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