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  • 1
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    Lymphocyte function of Michigan dairy farmers exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Michigan dairy farm residents ate farm products containing polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) after the accidential contamination of animal feed with the chemical in that state in 1973. The circulating blood lymphocytes of these residents show significant changes. Abnormalities include decreases in the numbers and percentages of peripheral blood lymphocytes that form rosettes with either sheep erythrocytes alone or with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and complement, increases in lymphocytes with no detectable surface markers ("null" cells), and altered responses to tests designed to evaluate functional integrity of the cells. There appears to be no consistent correlation between the concentration of PBB's in the plasma and the altered lymphocytes. Studies showed that in Wisconsin dairy farm residents and healthy individuals in the New York area who were not exposed to PBB's there were no such abnormalities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bekesi, J G -- Holland, J F -- Anderson, H A -- Fischbein, A S -- Rom, W -- Wolff, M S -- Selikoff, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1207-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Biphenyl Compounds/*pharmacology ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lectins ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Michigan ; Monocytes/physiology ; Polybrominated Biphenyls/blood/*pharmacology ; Rosette Formation ; Rural Health ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Enhanced dexamethasone resistance in cystic fibrosis cells: potential use for heterozygote detection and prenatal diagnosis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are more resistant to dexamethasone toxicity than are normal cells. We now report that, when fibroblasts cultured from obligate CF heterozygotes are exposed to dexamethasone, they have an intermediate survival compared to normal and homozygous CF cells. When dexamethasone survival was tested on cells from four patients undergoing amniocentesis, cells from a woman at risk of producing a child with CF showed significant dexamethasone resistance, similar to that of fibroblasts derived from lnown CF homozygotes; the other amniotic cell specimens showed dexamethasone sensitivity similar to that of normal skin fibroblasts. These data suggest that the dexamethasone resistance previously observed in skin fibroblasts may also be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, J L -- Epstein, J -- Fontaine, J H -- Forbes, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniotic Fluid/cytology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis/genetics/*physiopathology ; Dexamethasone/*toxicity ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Effects of naloxone on schizophrenia: reduction in hallucinations in a subpopulation of subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Central nervous system dysfunction due to lead exposure (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: Central nervous system dysfunction was investigated in workers at a secondary lead smelter by means of performance tests. Correlations between test scores and zinc protoporphyrin levels, a biological indicator of lead toxicity, are statistically significant. This correlation should prove to be useful in current efforts to evaluate effects of lead exposure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Valciukas, J A -- Lilis, R -- Fischbein, A -- Selikoff, I J -- Eisinger, J -- Blumberg, W E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):465-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663669" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Behavior/physiology ; Central Nervous System/*physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lead/blood ; Lead Poisoning/blood/*physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Examination/methods ; Occupational Diseases/*physiopathology ; Porphyrins/*blood ; Protoporphyrins/*blood ; Zinc/blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Hepatitis B virus and sex ratio of offspring (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drew, J S -- London, W T -- Lustbader, E D -- Hesser, J E -- Blumberg, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):687-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Order ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B/immunology/*physiopathology/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Norepinephrine in chronic paranoid schizophrenia: above-normal levels in limbic forebrain (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: In postmortem examination of brains of four patients with chronic paranoid schizophrenia, above-normal norepinephrine levels were measured in the ventral septum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the nucleus accumbens, and the mammillary bodies. No changes were detected in other limbic forebrain regions, including the hypothalamus and the medial olfactory (preoptic) area. The results point to the possibility of a malfunction of limbic noradrenergic mechanisms in schizophrenia, especially the paranoid variety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farley, I J -- Price, K S -- McCullough, E -- Deck, J H -- Hordynski, W -- Hornykiewicz, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Limbic System/*metabolism ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism ; Preoptic Area/metabolism ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Suicide ; Tranquilizing Agents/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Behavioral neurochemistry: neuroregulators and behavioral states (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: There is compelling evidence that behavioral events after neurochemical function and that altered neurochemical function can change behavior. Such processes have been related both to neurotransmitters and to neuromodulators, together termed neuroregulators. Available research tools and theoretical constructs have begun to permit studies of certain types of behavior, primarily those related to emotional states and drives. This work is changing long-held concepts about severe mental disorders and the treatment of them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barchas, J D -- Akil, H -- Elliott, G R -- Holman, R B -- Watson, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):964-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Cell Communication ; Depression/physiopathology ; Endorphins/physiology ; Enkephalins/physiology ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Synapses/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Human lateralization from head to foot: sex-related factors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Sex differences in the pattern and maturation of lateral asymmetries of the human brain have been recently found by a number of investigators, suggesting that sex-related factors may differentially affect the two sides of the body. In this study, asymmetries in the size of the two feet were strongly related to sex and handedness, right-handed males having larger right feet and right-handed females having larger left feet, the reverse being seen in non-right-handed individuals. Since these differences were apparent even in children younger than 6 years, the fetal sex steroids may be critical in governing the maturation of both cerebral and pedal asymmetries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J -- Levy, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; *Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Gyrate atrophy of the retina: inborn error of L-ornithin:2-oxoacid aminotransferase (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cultured fibroblasts from a patient with gyrate atrophy of the retina do not convert L-ornithine, uniformly labeled with carbon-14, to proline. This metabolic block is caused by deficient L-ornithine:2-oxoacid aminotransferase activity in the patient. Her heterozygote father has intermediate activity of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Donnell, J J -- Sandman, R P -- Martin, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Ornithine/blood ; Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase/*deficiency ; Pedigree ; Retinal Degeneration/*enzymology/genetics ; Transaminases/*deficiency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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