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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acids as determinants of host preference for the xylem feeding leafhopper, Homalodisca coagulata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 83 (1990), S. 338-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Host preference ; Leafhoppers ; Amino acids ; Homalodisca coagulata ; Xylem feeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Homalodisca coagulata is a highly polyphagous xylem feeder with distinct seasonal patterns in it's selection of host plants. These patterns were examined in relation to the amino acid content of the xylem for four common host species; Lagerstroemia indica, Baccharis halimifolia, Prunus persica, and Prunus salicina. Xylem fluid was collected from each host species at times when numbers of feeding leafhoppers were both low and high. In each case, concentrations of amino acids were greatest when numbers were high. Similarly, comparisons between host species at given times showed that concentrations of amino acids were positively correlated with host selection. In a second study, amino acids of xylem were manipulated by budding scions of a non-preferred host (P. persica) on rootstocks of preferred (P. salinica) and non-preferred (P. persica) hosts. Morphology and phenology of the budded trees were similar to that of the scion species yet the xylem composition of amino acids was primarily dependent on the rootstock. Concentrations of amino acids and the preference of leafhoppers were roughly two-fold greater for scions of the preferred than the non-preferred rootstock. In both studies, amides (glutamine plus asparagine) were the amino acids most highly correlated with host selection. These compounds are the predominant amino acids in xylem fluid, have high nitrogen to carbon ratios, and account for a high percentage of the caloric value in xylem fluid. Many of the less abundant amino acids were positively correlated with host preference, but the correlations were less consistent and correlation coefficients were generally lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317557
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential utilization of nutrients during development by the xylophagous leafhopper,Homalodisca coagulata (1995)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 75 (1995), S. 279-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: amino acids ; ammonia ; assimilation ; carbon utilization ; Homalodisca coagulata ; ingestion ; nitrogen utilization ; polyphagy ; xylem ; xylophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Utilization of nutrients at different stages of development was examined for the xylophage,Homalodisca coagulata (Say). Survivorship and consumption rates of second-instar, fourth-instar and adult leafhoppers were measured daily on the hostsLagerstroemia indica L. andEuonymus japonica Thumb. Rates of consumption, assimilation efficiencies and daily assimilation of nitrogen, carbon, and individual organic compounds were calculated based on chemical analyses of xylem fluid and insect excreta. Gross growth efficiencies of diet utilization were also estimated by comparing biomass of young adults to estimates of nutrient utilization of the two host species. Different instars survived and utilized nutrients at varying rates on the two hosts. Second-instar leafhoppers survived at higher rates and utilized nitrogen more efficiently onE. japonica than onL. indica. However, assimilated nitrogen was much less as a result of lower consumption rates. In contrast, adults onL. indica had increased longevity, utilized carbon more efficiently, and assimilated higher quantities of both carbon and nitrogen than those onE. japonica. Efficiencies of nutrient utilization were high forH. coagulata compared to folivores or phloem feeders, particularly in the conversion of ingested nutrients to assimilated compounds. Variations in diet utilization during development are discussed in terms of polyphagy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382264
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