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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the variability and evolution of Orobanche cumana populations infesting sunflower in different European countries (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 1216-1222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words RAPD ; Orobanche cumana ; Helianthus annuus ; Genetic diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The parasitic plant Orobanche cumana Wallr. has become a limiting factor for sunflower crops in infested countries. Over the past few years the progression of this parasitic plant, its introduction into new countries, and the development of new and more virulent races have all been observed. Consequently, the survey and understanding of broomrape population evolution is now crucial for the establishment of efficient breeding programmes. With this in prospect, the genetic variability of O. cumana populations from infested European countries, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey and Spain, was studied using RAPD markers. Eight populations with a total of 180 plants were analysed. Twenty three primers were used to obtain 133 reproducible bands which led to a binary matrix. This matrix was subjected to various complementary analyses including pairwise distances computed with the Nei and Li coefficient, AMOVA, Nei’s genetic diversity statistics, and an estimation of gene flow among populations with the infinite-island formula. The results gave consistent conclusions whatever the method used for data treatment. We show that this parasitic plant is probably self-pollinated, that there is little intra-population variability, and very little gene exchange appears to occur between different geographic regions. Populations were well structured and organized into two distinct groups (one group corresponding to the East European countries, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey, and the other group corresponding to Spanish populations) and could have a monophyletic origin. These results are discussed in relation to the applied uses of RAPD markers in the determination of true O. cumana races instead of populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050859
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a new initial breeding material in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using direct organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 68 (1993), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Helianthus annuus ; organogenesis ; embryogenesis ; gamma irradiation ; mutagenesis ; new breeding materials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Immature zygotic embryos from three inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were used as donor material for the induction of direct organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The scope of the spontaneously appearing somaclonal variation has been studied among the regenerants produced according to the method of Freyssinet & Freyssinet (1988), and was compared to the results obtained after gamma ray mutagenesis (7 and 10 Gy). Freshly excised immature zygotic embryos were used for irradiation treatment. Genetic changes occurring spontaneously during the regeneration procedure were observed for date of flowering, vegetation period, plant height, head diameter, 1000 seed weight, kernel oil content, and fatty acid composition. The mutagenic treatment had a marked stimulatory effect on the frequency of the regenerants produced and the degree of the observed changes. The 7 Gy treatment was most efficient for the majority of the characters studied. The type of changes was correlated with the genotype. The degree and type of somaclonal variation, with or without mutagenic treatment, should be sufficient for an application in the production of new breeding material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029871
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