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  • 1
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    Stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation by NMDA receptor activation (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-08-23
    Description: The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a subtype of glutamate receptors, plays a key role in synaptic plasticity in the nervous system. After NMDA receptor activation, calcium entry into the postsynaptic neuron is a critical initial event. However, the subsequent mechanisms by which the NMDA receptor signal is processed are incompletely understood. Stimulation of cultured rat hippocampal cells with glutamate resulted in the rapid and transient tyrosine phosphorylation of a 39-kilodalton protein (p39). Tyrosine phosphorylation of p39 was triggered by the NMDA receptor and required an influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium. Because p39 was found to be highly related or identical to the microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase, the NMDA receptor signal may be processed by a sequential activation of protein kinases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bading, H -- Greenberg, M E -- CA 43855/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS 28829/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 23;253(5022):912-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1715095" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cells, Cultured ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hippocampus/drug effects/metabolism ; Immunoblotting ; Kinetics ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Regulation of CREB phosphorylation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus by light and a circadian clock (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-09
    Description: Mammalian circadian rhythms are regulated by a pacemaker within the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The molecular mechanisms controlling the synchronization of the circadian pacemaker are unknown; however, immediate early gene (IEG) expression in the SCN is tightly correlated with entrainment of SCN-regulated rhythms. Antibodies were isolated that recognize the activated, phosphorylated form of the transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB). Within minutes after exposure of hamsters to light, CREB in the SCN became phosphorylated on the transcriptional regulatory site, Ser133. CREB phosphorylation was dependent on circadian time: CREB became phosphorylated only at times during the circadian cycle when light induced IEG expression and caused phase shifts of circadian rhythms. These results implicate CREB in neuronal signaling in the hypothalamus and suggest that circadian clock gating of light-regulated molecular responses in the SCN occurs upstream of phosphorylation of CREB.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ginty, D D -- Kornhauser, J M -- Thompson, M A -- Bading, H -- Mayo, K E -- Takahashi, J S -- Greenberg, M E -- F31 MH10241/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- F32 NS08764/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 28829/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 9;260(5105):238-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8097062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/immunology/*metabolism ; Darkness ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, fos ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; *Light ; Molecular Sequence Data ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphorylation ; Potassium Chloride/pharmacology ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Regulation of gene expression in hippocampal neurons by distinct calcium signaling pathways (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-09
    Description: Calcium ions (Ca2+) act as an intracellular second messenger and can enter neurons through various ion channels. Influx of Ca2+ through distinct types of Ca2+ channels may differentially activate biochemical processes. N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and L-type Ca2+ channels, two major sites of Ca2+ entry into hippocampal neurons, were found to transmit signals to the nucleus and regulated gene transcription through two distinct Ca2+ signaling pathways. Activation of the multifunctional Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) was evoked by stimulation of either NMDA receptors or L-type Ca2+ channels; however, activation of CaM kinase appeared to be critical only for propagating the L-type Ca2+ channel signal to the nucleus. Also, the NMDA receptor and L-type Ca2+ channel pathways activated transcription by means of different cis-acting regulatory elements in the c-fos promoter. These results indicate that Ca2+, depending on its mode of entry into neurons, can activate two distinct signaling pathways. Differential signal processing may provide a mechanism by which Ca2+ controls diverse cellular functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bading, H -- Ginty, D D -- Greenberg, M E -- 2F32 NS 08764/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28829/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 9;260(5105):181-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8097060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, fos ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hippocampus/*metabolism ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Second Messenger Systems ; Serum Response Factor ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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