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  • 1
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    Kinetic-Scale Magnetic Turbulence and Finite Larmor Radius Effects at Mercury (2011)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: We use a nonstationary generalization of the higher-order structure function technique to investigate statistical properties of the magnetic field fluctuations recorded by MESSENGER spacecraft during its first flyby (01/14/2008) through the near-Mercury space environment, with the emphasis on key boundary regions participating in the solar wind - magnetosphere interaction. Our analysis shows, for the first time, that kinetic-scale fluctuations play a significant role in the Mercury's magnetosphere up to the largest resolvable timescale (approx.20 s) imposed by the signal nonstationariry, suggesting that turbulence at this plane I is largely controlled by finite Larmor radius effects. In particular, we report the presence of a highly turbulent and extended foreshock system filled with packets of ULF oscillations, broad-band intermittent fluctuations in the magnetosheath, ion-kinetic turbulence in the central plasma sheet of Mercury's magnetotail, and kinetic-scale fluctuations in the inner current sheet encountered at the outbound (dawn-side) magnetopause. Overall, our measurements indicate that the Hermean magnetosphere, as well as the surrounding region, are strongly affected by non-MHD effects introduced by finite sizes of cyclotron orbits of the constituting ion species. Physical mechanisms of these effects and their potentially critical impact on the structure and dynamics of Mercury's magnetic field remain to be understood.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: GSFC.JA.5483.2011 , GSFC.JA.01253.2012 , Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 116; A09236
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  • 2
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    Multiscale Auroral Emission Statistics as Evidence of Turbulent Reconnection in Earth's Midtail Plasma Sheet (2010)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: We provide indirect evidence for turbulent reconnection in Earth's midtail plasma sheet by reexamining the statistical properties of bright, nightside auroral emission events as observed by the UVI experiment on the Polar spacecraft and discussed previously by Uritsky et al. The events are divided into two groups: (1) those that map to absolute value of (X(sub GSM)) 〈 12 R(sub E) in the magnetotail and do not show scale-free statistics and (2) those that map to absolute value of (X(sub GSM)) 〉 12 R(sub E) and do show scale-free statistics. The absolute value of (X(sub GSM)) dependence is shown to most effectively organize the events into these two groups. Power law exponents obtained for group 2 are shown to validate the conclusions of Uritsky et al. concerning the existence of critical dynamics in the auroral emissions. It is suggested that the auroral dynamics is a reflection of a critical state in the magnetotail that is based on the dynamics of turbulent reconnection in the midtail plasma sheet.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 115
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  • 3
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    The Origin and Shape of Diffuse Auroral Patches (2011)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-19
    Beschreibung: Patchy pulsating aurora occurs commonly in the post-midnight sector. Recent studies have moved us significantly closer to understanding the mechanisms responsible for pitch angle scattering of the Central Plasma Sheet (CPS) electrons that produce these aurora. However, there is not yet an adequate explanation of what physical process gives rise to the patchy nature of the aurora. These patches last for minutes up to tens of minutes, with sizes that do not change significantly over their life time, and remain more or less stationary relative to the ground. In this paper, we use THEMIS and NORSTAR ASI observations of these auroral features to explore the shape of these patches. Based on our results, we conclude that the patches are the ionospheric counterpart of structures in cold plasma near the magnetospheric equator.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: GSFC.ABS.00403.2012 , 2011 Fall AGU meeting; Dec 05, 2011 - Dec 09, 2011; San Francisco, CA; United States
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  • 4
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    Identification of Hydrated Sulfates Collected in the Northern Rio Tinto Valley by Reflectance and Raman Spectroscopy (2006)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: OMEGA recently identified spectral signatures of kieserite, gypsum, and other polyhydrated sulfates at multiple locations on the surface of Mars [1,2]. The presence of sulfates was confirmed through in situ spectroscopy by MER Opportunity [3]. An approach to validate these interpretations is to collect corresponding spectral data from sulfate-rich terrestrial analog sites. The northern Rio Tinto Valley near Nerva, Spain, is a good Martian analog locale because it features extensive seasonal sulfate mineralization driven by highly acidic waters [4]. We report on mineralogical compositions identified by field VNIR spectroscopy and laboratory Raman spectroscopy.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: 37th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 2006 - Mar 17, 2006; League City, TX; United States
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  • 5
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    A High Resolution Microprobe Study of EETA79001 Lithology C (2010)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: Antarctic meteorite EETA79001 has received substantial attention for possibly containing a component of Martian soil in its impact glass (Lithology C) [1]. The composition of Martian soil can illuminate near-surface processes such as impact gardening [2] and hydrothermal and volcanic activity [3,4]. Impact melts in meteorites represent our most direct samples of Martian regolith. We present the initial findings from a high-resolution electron microprobe study of Lithology C from Martian meteorite EETA79001. As this study develops we aim to extract details of a potential soil composition and to examine Martian surface processes using elemental ratios and correlations.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: M10-0353 , 41st Lunar and Planetary Space Conference; Mar 01, 2010 - Mar 05, 2010; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 6
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    Soil Components in Heterogeneous Impact Glass in Martian Meteorite EETA79001 (2010)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: Martian soil composition can illuminate past and ongoing near-surface processes such as impact gardening [2] and hydrothermal and volcanic activity [3,4]. Though the Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) have analyzed the major-element composition of Martian soils, no soil samples have been returned to Earth for detailed chemical analysis. Rao et al. [1] suggested that Martian meteorite EETA79001 contains melted Martian soil in its impact glass (Lithology C) based on sulfur enrichment of Lithology C relative to the meteorite s basaltic lithologies (A and B) [1,2]. If true, it may be possible to extract detailed soil chemical analyses using this meteoritic sample. We conducted high-resolution (~0.3 m/pixel) element mapping of Lithology C in thin section EETA79001,18 by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). We use these data for principal component analysis (PCA).
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: M10-0870 , 20th General Meeting of International Mineralogical Association (IMA2010); Aug 21, 2010 - Aug 27, 2010; Budapest; Hungary
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    The Magnetospheric Source Region of the Bright Proton Aurora (2017)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: The bright proton aurora is generally understood to be the projection of the Central Plasma Sheet where there is sufficient particle energy to cause auroral luminosity and strong pitch angle scattering (presumably due to field line curvature). This region is often interpreted as the transition region between dipolar and tail-like magnetic topologies. The location of auroral features relative to the peak in the proton aurora has been used, for example, to argue that the substorm onset arc lies on field lines that thread this transition region. In this paper, we present statistics of proton aurora luminosity computed from Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions in Substorms electrostatic analyzer measurements for various radial distances in the magnetotail. These results are compared to ground observations of proton auroral luminosity and used to derive a statistical source region of the bright proton aurora.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: GSFC-E-DAA-TN51554 , Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276) (e-ISSN 1944-8007); 44; 20; 10094-10099
    Format: text
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