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    Observations of the Thermal Structure and Dynamics of the Martian Atmosphere (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Information on the thermal structure of the Martian atmosphere has been obtained using several different techniques, including in situ sounding from decent probes, radio occultations and infrared thermal emission measurements from orbiters, and earth based full-disk microwave measurements. Knowledge of the 3- dimensional atmospheric temperature field and its temporal variation provides an important observational approach to the study of the dynamics of the atmosphere. Comparison of the observed thermal structure with results from a Mars General Circulation Model (MGCM) can be used to refine the model and provide greater insight into the physical processes controlling the dynamics of the atmosphere. Direct assimilation of the temperature observations into an MGCM can also be used to address similar goals. In addition, relatively simple diagnostic models can be applied to the data to directly obtain information on winds and other meteorological properties of the atmosphere. In this overview, we concentrate primarily on the structure retrieved from thermal emission measurements. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: The Fifth International Conference on Mars; LPI-Contrib-972
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) on Cassini (2017)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn carries the composite infrared spectrometer (CIRS) designed to study thermal emission from Saturn and its rings and moons. CIRS, a Fourier transform spectrometer, is an indispensable part of the payload providing unique measurements and important synergies with the other instruments. It takes full advantage of Cassini's 13-year-long mission and surpasses the capabilities of previous spectrometers on Voyager 1 and 2. The instrument, consisting of two interferometers sharing a telescope and a scan mechanism, covers over a factor of 100 in wavelength in the mid and far infrared. It is used to study temperature, composition, structure, and dynamics of the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, and Titan, the rings of Saturn, and surfaces of the icy moons. CIRS has returned a large volume of scientific results, the culmination of over 30 years of instrument development, operation, data calibration, and analysis. As Cassini and CIRS reach the end of their mission in 2017, we expect that archived spectra will be used by scientists for many years to come.
    Keywords: Optics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN43884 , Applied Optics (ISSN 1559-128X) (e-ISSN 2155-3165); 56; 18; 5274-5294
    Format: text
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