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  • 1
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    Structure, force balance, and topology of Earths magnetopause (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-02
    Description: The magnetopause deflects the solar wind plasma and confines Earth’s magnetic field. We combine measurements made by the four spacecraft of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission to demonstrate how the plasma and magnetic forces at the boundary affect the interaction between the shocked solar wind and Earth’s magnetosphere. We compare these forces with the plasma pressure and examine the electron distribution function. We find that the magnetopause has sublayers with thickness comparable to the ion scale. Small pockets of low magnetic field strength, small radius of curvature, and high electric current mark the electron diffusion region. The flow of electrons, parallel and antiparallel to the magnetic field, reveals a complex topology with the creation of magnetic ropes at the boundary.
    Keywords: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Planetary Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Direct measurements of two-way wave-particle energy transfer in a collisionless space plasma (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-07
    Description: Particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation are fundamental energy and momentum exchange processes in collisionless plasmas. Such wave-particle interactions occur ubiquitously in space. We present ultrafast measurements in Earth’s magnetosphere by the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft that enabled quantitative evaluation of energy transfer in interactions associated with electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. The observed ion distributions are not symmetric around the magnetic field direction but are in phase with the plasma wave fields. The wave-ion phase relations demonstrate that a cyclotron resonance transferred energy from hot protons to waves, which in turn nonresonantly accelerated cold He + to energies up to ~2 kilo–electron volts. These observations provide direct quantitative evidence for collisionless energy transfer in plasmas between distinct particle populations via wave-particle interactions.
    Keywords: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Planetary Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A satellite investigation of energy flux and inferred potential drop in auroral electron energy spectra (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Because predicted relationship (epsilon directly varies with V squared) between auroral electron energy flux (epsilon) and the inferred acceleration potential drop (V) for accelerated Maxwellian distributions was favorably tested by other using sounding rocket data for the limiting case of eVE 1 (where Ec is the characteristic energy of the accelerated Maxwellian distribution) and for a single inverted-V observed by the Injun 5 satellite, data from Atmosphere D were used to extend these studies over the range .2 eV/Ec 5 and for a wide range of latitudes and local times on both the nightside and the dayside. Results show good agreement with the full accelerated Maxwellian model. An analytical approximation to the electron energy flux was derived which better describes the data over the range .2 eV/Ec approximated 3. Analyses of individual energy spectra at small and large pitch angles through well-defined inverted-V structures suggest that the altitude of the inferred potential drop maximizes near the center of the inverted-V's.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Texas Univ. at San Antonio Res. on Solar-Wind Magnetospheric Elec. Fields and Plasmas; 16 p
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Research on solar-wind and magnetospheric electric fields and plasmas (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Attempts were made to determine the role of the interplanetary magnetic field in controlling: (1) particle acceleration processes in the earth's polar cap; (2) plasma convection patterns at high latitudes; and, (3) the topology of magnetic field lines in the earth's polar cusps. The primary result of the study on polar-cap particle acceleration regions was that they tend to occur in only one polar cap at a time, and that they occur in the hemisphere for which the magnetospheric tail-lobe field lines have solar-magnetospheric x components that are antiparallel to those of the interplanetary and tail-lobe magnetic field. Southward-directed interplanetary magnetic fields give rise to broad convection throats which cover several hours of local time across the dayside cleft. Under such conditions, solar-wind plasma is channeled efficiently through the polar cusps to populate the plasma mantle and dayside boundary layer. On the other hand, the appearance of strong northward components in the interplanetary magnetic field result in a very constricted throat, resulting in inefficient plasma entry at the cusps by diffusion processes.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-158069
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Research on solar-wind and magnetospheric electric fields and plasmas (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The phenomena of particle preciptation and ion convection at high latitudes and their response to variations in the interplanetary magnetic field. Data from the low energy electron experiment and the retarding potential analyzer drift meter on Atmosphere Explorers C and D were analyzed. Additional data from the spacecraft Imp-J were utilized.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-164372
    Format: application/pdf
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