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  • 1
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    Genetic acceleration of AIDS progression by a promoter variant of CCR5 (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-12-04
    Description: The CCR5 gene encodes a cell surface chemokine receptor molecule that serves as the principal coreceptor, with CD4, for macrophage-tropic (R5) strains of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). Genetic association analysis of five cohorts of people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) revealed that infected individuals homozygous for a multisite haplotype of the CCR5 regulatory region containing the promoter allele, CCR5P1, progress to AIDS more rapidly than those with other CCR5 promoter genotypes, particularly in the early years after infection. Composite genetic epidemiologic analyses of genotypes bearing CCR5P1, CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A affirmed distinct regulatory influences for each gene on AIDS progression. An estimated 10 to 17 percent of patients who develop AIDS within 3.5 years of HIV-1 infection do so because they are homozygous for CCR5P1/P1, and 7 to 13 percent of all people carry this susceptible genotype. The cumulative and interactive influence of these AIDS restriction genes illustrates the multigenic nature of host factors limiting AIDS disease progression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, M P -- Dean, M -- Smith, M W -- Winkler, C -- Gerrard, B -- Michael, N L -- Lee, B -- Doms, R W -- Margolick, J -- Buchbinder, S -- Goedert, J J -- O'Brien, T R -- Hilgartner, M W -- Vlahov, D -- O'Brien, S J -- Carrington, M -- N01-CO-56000/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1907-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), National Cancer Institute, Frederick MD 21702, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9836644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/mortality/*physiopathology ; Alleles ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Chemokines, CXC/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; Genes, Dominant ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/genetics/physiopathology ; *Hiv-1 ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptors, CCR2 ; Receptors, CCR5/*genetics ; *Receptors, Chemokine ; Receptors, Cytokine/*genetics ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Contrasting genetic influence of CCR2 and CCR5 variants on HIV-1 infection and disease progression. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS), Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS), San Francisco City Cohort (SFCC), ALIVE Study (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-15
    Description: The critical role of chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CXCR4) in human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection and pathogenesis prompted a search for polymorphisms in other chemokine receptor genes that mediate HIV-1 disease progression. A mutation (CCR2-64I) within the first transmembrane region of the CCR2 chemokine and HIV-1 receptor gene is described that occurred at an allele frequency of 10 to 15 percent among Caucasians and African Americans. Genetic association analysis of five acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cohorts (3003 patients) revealed that although CCR2-64I exerts no influence on the incidence of HIV-1 infection, HIV-1-infected individuals carrying the CCR2-64I allele progressed to AIDS 2 to 4 years later than individuals homozygous for the common allele. Because CCR2-64I occurs invariably on a CCR5-+-bearing chromosomal haplotype, the independent effects of CCR5-Delta32 (which also delays AIDS onset) and CCR2-64I were determined. An estimated 38 to 45 percent of AIDS patients whose disease progresses rapidly (less than 3 years until onset of AIDS symptoms after HIV-1 exposure) can be attributed to their CCR2-+/+ or CCR5-+/+ genotype, whereas the survival of 28 to 29 percent of long-term survivors, who avoid AIDS for 16 years or more, can be explained by a mutant genotype for CCR2 or CCR5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, M W -- Dean, M -- Carrington, M -- Winkler, C -- Huttley, G A -- Lomb, D A -- Goedert, J J -- O'Brien, T R -- Jacobson, L P -- Kaslow, R -- Buchbinder, S -- Vittinghoff, E -- Vlahov, D -- Hoots, K -- Hilgartner, M W -- O'Brien, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Aug 15;277(5328):959-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science Applications International Corp. Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9252328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*genetics/immunology/mortality/virology ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/*genetics/immunology/mortality/virology ; *Hiv-1 ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; *Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptors, CCR2 ; Receptors, CCR5 ; *Receptors, Chemokine ; Receptors, Cytokine/*genetics ; Receptors, HIV/*genetics ; Survival Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Genetic restriction of AIDS pathogenesis by an SDF-1 chemokine gene variant. ALIVE Study, Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS), Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS), San Francisco City Cohort (SFCC) (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-02-07
    Description: Stromal-derived factor (SDF-1) is the principal ligand for CXCR4, a coreceptor with CD4 for T lymphocyte cell line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). A common polymorphism, SDF1-3'A, was identified in an evolutionarily conserved segment of the 3' untranslated region of the SDF-1 structural gene transcript. In the homozygous state, SDF1-3'A/3'A delays the onset of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), according to a genetic association analysis of 2857 patients enrolled in five AIDS cohort studies. The recessive protective effect of SDF1-3'A was increasingly pronounced in individuals infected with HIV-1 for longer periods, was twice as strong as the dominant genetic restriction of AIDS conferred by CCR5 and CCR2 chemokine receptor variants in these populations, and was complementary with these mutations in delaying the onset of AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winkler, C -- Modi, W -- Smith, M W -- Nelson, G W -- Wu, X -- Carrington, M -- Dean, M -- Honjo, T -- Tashiro, K -- Yabe, D -- Buchbinder, S -- Vittinghoff, E -- Goedert, J J -- O'Brien, T R -- Jacobson, L P -- Detels, R -- Donfield, S -- Willoughby, A -- Gomperts, E -- Vlahov, D -- Phair, J -- O'Brien, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):389-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9430590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/*immunology/virology ; Adult ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Chemokines/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; *Chemokines, CXC ; Cohort Studies ; Continental Population Groups ; Disease Progression ; Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/genetics/*immunology/virology ; HIV-1/*physiology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, CCR2 ; Receptors, CCR5/genetics/physiology ; Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism ; Receptors, Chemokine/genetics/physiology ; Survival Analysis ; T-Lymphocytes/virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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