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  • Burkard sporetrap  (2)
  • Drosophila melanogaster  (2)
  • Gene isolation  (2)
  • Springer  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 1048-1050 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Allozyme polymorphism ; linkage disequilibrium ; wine cellar and field populations ; Drosophila melanogaster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Over three years, theAdh and α-Gpdh loci have been studied in two cellar populations ofDrosophila melanogaster and in two field populations which were each near to one of the cellars. Analyses of gene frequencies indicate that the divergence among subpopulations is greater in theAdh locus than in the α-Gpdh locus. Selection for or againstAdh S allele acting on theIn(2L)t inversion influences of the α-Gpdh alleles. This phenomenon may contribute to explain the maintenance of theAdh and α-Gpdh polymorphism and of theIn(2L)t inversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; isofemale lines ; isogroups ; natural populations ; pigmentation ; body size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Studies of short or medium range geographic variations play an increasing role in ecological genetics, and sensitive techniques are required to detect them. In this respect, two sampling techniques were compared inD. melanogaster. The biological data were provided by the analysis of four natural populations from the same geographic area, Spain (one) and Southern France (three), for four morphometrical traits: abdomen and thoracic pigmentation, and wing and thorax lengths. Traits were measured on wild living females and on their progeny reared in the laboratory at 25°C. For progeny analyses, two techniques were compared: the usual isofemale line technique, sib families issued from a single female, and a new isogroup technique, the progeny produced by a group of 20 wild-collected parents. Large phenotypic variations were observed in wild living flies, corresponding to the unstability of natural environmental conditions during their development. Among laboratory grown flies, variations were much smaller. Between isogroups, differences were small, due to sampling error and some common environment effects. Variations between lines were much greater, thus demonstrating a strong genetic component. When different populations have to be compared, the isogroup technique should be preferred since, for the same amount of work, the lesser variability between groups provides a more precise characterization of the population means.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: E. coli trpC ; Schizophyllum TRP1 ; Complementation ; Gene isolation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A Schizophyllum gene library was made in plasmid pRK9, Plasmids from this library were tested for their ability to complement several auxotrophic mutations of Escherichia coli. The goal was to isolate a Schizophyllum auxotrophic gene that could be used to transform a corresponding Schizophyllum auxotrophic mutant to prototrophy. Complementation was observed only for E. coli trpC indole 3-glycerol phosphate synthetase (IGPS) and phosphoribosyl-anthranilate isomerase (PRAI) mutations. Plasmids with a Schizophyllum sequence coding for both IGPS and PRAI activities were recovered from E. coli transformants. Expression of the Schizophyllum gene (TRP1) in E. coli is probably dependent on the Serratia marcescens promoter of plasmid pRK9. The DNA sequence containing the Schizophyllum TRP1 gene was not obviously rearranged in cloning.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Schizophyllum commune ; Transformation ; Gene isolation ; Basidiomycetes ; Recombinant DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have developed a routine way to isolate genes directly from the basidiomycete fungus, Schizophyllum commune. Plasmid DNA from a genomic gene library was used to isolate five specific genes by complementation of Schizophyllum mutations via transformation. The mutant strains were deficient in the ability to synthesize either adenine (ade2 and ade5), uracil (ural, encoding orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase; OMPdecase), tryptophan (rpl, encoding indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthetase; IGPS) or para aminobenzoic acid (pab1). In each case, Southern analysis revealed that transformation to prototrophy was concomitant with the integration of vector sequence into the genome of the S. commune mutant. Total DNA from transformants was restricted, religated, and used to transform E. coli. Ampicillin resistant plasmids were recovered from E. coli and tested for their ability to transform the corresponding mutant of S. commune. Plasmids complementing the ade2, adeS, pabl, trpl, and ural mutations were recovered.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-3025
    Keywords: Aerobiology ; Methodology ; Sampling error ; Burkard sporetrap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two years of data from four longitudinal traverses along each day's slide prepared from a continuously running Burkard sporetrap have been analyzed statistically. Using the Friedman test, a statistically significant difference was found between the four traverses, with a greater than 7% loss of pollen grains in the two outer traverses in relation to the inner. Four slides were then selected for more detailed analysis, using 18 longitudinal traverses with a 1-mm separation from the upper to the lower edge of the Melinex tape. There was found to be a progressive decline from the centre to the outside, and more than 4% of pollen grains were found outside the typical 14 mm width of the impaction orifice. There was no correlation between pollen grain size and the decline in counts from the centre to the outside. For the complete data set, there was a general rise in the diversity of pollen types with increasing sample counts, but above about 1000 pollen grains per sample there were no more than 27 pollen types found, often even fewer. A discussion is presented of whether four traverses really should be a fixing sample size, or whether it might be better to fix the total pollen count beginning with a traverse in the middle of the slide and ending with a variable number of traverses when that count is reached.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-3025
    Keywords: Aerobiology ; Methodology ; Sampling error ; Burkard sporetrap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two years of data from four longitudinal traverses along each day's slide prepared from a continuously running Burkard sporetrap have been analyzed statistically. Using the Friedman test, a statistically significant difference was found between the four traverses, with a greater than 7% loss of pollen grains in the two outer traverses in relation to the inner. Four slides were then selected for more detailed analysis, using 18 longitudinal traverses with a 1-mm separation from the upper to the lower edge of the Melinex tape. There was found to be a progressive decline from the centre to the outside, and more than 4% of pollen grains were found outside the typical 14 mm width of the impaction orifice. There was no correlation between pollen grain size and the decline in counts from the centre to the outside. For the complete data set, there was a general rise in the diversity of bollen types with increasing sample counts, but above about 1000 pollen grains per sample there were no more than 27 pollen types found, often even fewer. A discussion is presented of whether four traverses really should be a fixing sample size, or whether it might be better to fix the total pollen count beginning with a traverse in the middle of the slide and ending with a variable number of traverses when that count is reached.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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