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  • 1
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    Streaming energetic electrons in earth's magnetotail - Evidence for substorm-associated magnetic reconnection (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This letter reports the results of a systematic study of streaming greater than 200 keV electrons observed in the magnetotail with the Caltech Electron/Isotope Spectrometers aboard IMP-7 and IMP-8. A clear statistical association of streaming events with southward magnetic fields, often of steep inclination, and with substorms as evidenced by the AE index is demonstrated. These results support the interpretation that streaming energetic electrons are indicative of substorm-associated magnetic reconnection in the near-earth plasma sheet.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 7; Nov. 198
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Plasma behavior during energetic electron streaming events further evidence for substorm-associated magnetic reconnection (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A recent study showed that streaming energetic (more than 200 keV) electrons in earth's magnetotail are statistically associated with southward magnetic fields and with enhancements of the AE index. It is shown here that the streaming electrons characteristically are preceded by an approximately 15-minute period of tailward plasma flow and followed by a dropout of the plasma sheet, thus demonstrating a clear statistical association between substorms and the classical signatures of magnetic reconnection and plasmoid formation. Additionally, a brief upward surge of mean electron energy preceded plasma dropout in several of the events studied, providing direct evidence of localized, reconnection-associated heating processes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 9; June 198
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Energetic electrons in the magnetosheath and upstream of the bow shock (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Four years of data gathered by the IMP 8 electron/isotope spectrometer are used in a study of the characteristics and transport of electrons of more than 200 keV, both upstream of the earth's bow shock and in the outer magnetosheath. With the aid of a new coordinate system, it is shown that (1) the upstream electron bursts are most often seen on interplanetary field lines which trace to the inner magnetosheath, and (2) the total energy transported sunward by the electrons averages about 1.6 x 10 to the 14th ergs/sec. This figure is comparable to the tailward energy flow observed in the permanent layer of energetic electrons adjacent to the magnetopause. The net flow of energetic electrons in the magnetosheath is toward the shock, and nearly equals the net flow away from the shock in the adjacent upstream region. The energetic electrons studied appear to be closely related, and may have a common origin in either the inner magnetosheath or the magnetosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 87; Jan. 1
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  • 4
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    Electron polar cap and the boundary of open geomagnetic field lines. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A total of 333 observations of the boundary of the polar access region for electrons (energies greater than 530 keV) provides a comprehensive map of the electron polar cap. The boundary of the electron polar cap, which should occur at the latitude separating open and closed field lines, is consistent with previously reported closed field line limits determined from trapped-particle data. The boundary, which is sharply defined, seems to occur at one of three discrete latitudes. Although the electron flux is generally uniform across the polar cap, a limited region of reduced access is observed about 10% of the time.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-67-073A-O8-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 77; Oct. 1
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  • 5
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    High energy electron spikes at high latitudes (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Over 750 spikes of precipitating electrons with E or = 425 KeV were observed aboard the low altitude polar orbiter OGO-D between 30 July 1967 and 31 December 1967. The spikes may be divided into three distinct populations, depending on whether they occur at latitudes below, at, or above the local limit of trapping.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-122512 , SRL-72-1
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    The relationship of energy flow at the magnetopause to geomagnetic activity (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Properties of the energetic electron (E greater than or approximately equal to 200 keV) magnetopause layer along the distant magnetotail have been studied with Caltech instrumentation aboard IMP-8 for approximately 60 spacecraft orbits. The cross-sectional area of the layer appears to increase by a factor of approximately 5 with increasing geomagnetic activity, and the average unidirectional electron flux within the layer increases by a factor of approximately 4. The energy carried by electrons greater than or approximately equal to 200 keV ranges from approximately 10 to the 14th ergs per second to approximately 10 to the 15th ergs per second. Extrapolation to include all electrons greater than 1 keV suggests total energy flow ranging from approximately 3 x 10 to the 15th ergs per second at quiet times to approximately 5 x 10 to the 18th ergs per second at magnetically disturbed times.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 4; Oct. 197
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Energetic electron anisotropies in the magnetotail - Identification of open and closed field lines (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Unidirectional anisotropies in the energetic electron fluxes (E greater than or equal to about 200 keV) have been observed in the earth's magnetotail with the Caltech Electron/Isotope Spectrometer on IMP-8. The anisotropies occur during periods of enhanced fluxes and provide essential information on the topology (open or closed) of the magnetotail field lines which are associated with recently identified acceleration regions.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 3; Sept
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  • 8
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    Microstructure of magnetic reconnection in earth's magnetotail (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The structure of heated electron reconnection events associated with magnetic substorm events in the earth's magnetotail is examined using IMP 8 spacecraft and ground-based magnetometer, plasma analyzer and spectroscopic data. Plasma, magnetic field and energetic particle data for five events are presented. Reconnection is shown to occur in two phases: preheating and heating. In preheating, lasting about 5 min, a strong tailward plasma flow appears and ends with electron heating. A 1-2 min heating phase starts with electron heating and ends with plasma sheet drop out and/or decay of the electron temperature to pre-event levels. The heating pulse is always connected with a Bx reversal at 30 earth radii tailward, where the reconnection occurs.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 6705-671
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  • 9
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    The magnetopause energetic electron layer. I - Observations along the distant magnetotail (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Instrumentation aboard Imp 8 was used to study the magnetopause energetic electron layer along the distant magnetotail, and the observations are discussed. The inner edge of the layer corresponds to the magnetopause boundary, and energetic electrons within the layer persistently stream tailward along local magnetosheath field lines. Pitch angles of electrons along the dusk magnetopause are often restricted to values less than approximately 40 deg, while along the dawnside of the tail somewhat larger pitch angles are normally seen. The differential energy spectra of electrons in the layer, the intensity enhancements, and the average directional intensities are characterized.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Sept. 1
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  • 10
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    The magnetopause electron layer along the distant magnetotail (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An energetic electron layer is found immediately adjacent to, and outside of, the magnetopause surface along the distant magnetotail. The layer has been detected by instrumentation aboard the earth-orbiting spacecraft IMP-8 and is observed for electrons with energies above about 200 keV. The present study shows that such electrons form a layer about 3 earth radii thick and are strongly streaming in a well-ordered pattern, especially along the dusk magnetopause. The energy dissipation implied by the persistent flow may be a direct indication of nearly continuous magnetic merging at or near the magnetopause.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 4; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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