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  • 1
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    A relationship between synchronous-altitude electron fluxes and the auroral electrojet, appendix A (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Simultaneous observations during four substorms are reported from the Lockheed auroral particle spectrometer on ATS-5 and the University of Alberta meridian magnetometer chain (Canada). During the four events studied, there was a good correlation between the magnitude of the trapped electron fluxes in the energy range from 1.8 to 53 keV and the magnitude of the electrojet current as measured by a station in the magnetometer chain at a latitude close to that expected for the ATS conjugate point. The Hall effect was studied and a model electrojet was constructed which gave a good absolute agreement between the two measured quantities. The results are consistent with the convection electric field remaining approximately constant during a substantial portion of each of the substorms studied. The temporal variations of the electrojet were apparently controlled by conductivity changes in the ionosphere as determined by the precipitating auroral electrons.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Analysis of Data from the Lockheed Experiment on ATS-5; 24 p
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  • 2
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    Coordinated auroral-electron observations from a synchronous and a polar satellite. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The ATS 5 satellite in synchronous orbit and the OV1-18 satellite in a low-altitude polar orbit carried similar experiments to measure auroral-particle fluxes in the energy range from 1/2 to 50 keV. Simultaneous electron flux observations are presented from 5 instances when the OV1-18 passed within a few hundred kilometers of the computed conjugate point to ATS 5. The integral flux levels were found to be generally comparable at the two locations with no evidence for angular distributions highly peaked along the field line. The spectrums were significantly harder at ATS 5 with average energies approximately a factor of 2 higher than at OV1-18. Evidence is presented for a dramatic difference in the shapes of the spectrums at the two locations with smoothly falling relatively featureless spectrums observed at ATS 5 and spectrums with a peak in the few keV range observed at OV1-18. Based on the 5 passes described here, there is evidence that the trapped component of the flux increases more rapidly than the precipitating component during more active times.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 76; Nov. 1
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  • 3
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    ATS-5 observations of plasma sheet particles before the expansion-phase onset, appendix C. (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Behavior of the plasma sheet around its earthward edge during substorms was studied by using high resolution (every 2.6 sec) measurements of proton and electron fluxes by ATS-5. In the injection region near midnight the flux increase at the expansion-phase onset is shown to lag behind the onset of the low-latitude positive bay by several minutes. Depending upon the case, before the above increase (1) the flux stays at a constant level, (2) it gradually increases for some tens of minutes, or (3) it briefly drops to a low level. Difference in the position of the satellite relative to the earthward edge and to the high-latitude boundary of the plasma sheet is suggested as a cause of the above difference in flux variations during the growth phase of substorms. Magnetograms and tables (data) are shown.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Analysis of Data from the Lockheed Experiment on ATS-5; 25 p
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  • 4
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    Ion temperature profile in the topside ionosphere. (1966)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Ion temperature measurements around 1000 km altitude, using ion energy analyzer and mass spectrometer mounted on rocket
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH
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  • 5
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    Evidence for temperature stratification in the e region. (1965)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-05-24
    Description: Ion kinetic temperature measured in E region by ion trap aboard Nike-Apache rocket
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 6
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    An assessment of twilight airglow inversion procedures using atmosphere explorer observations (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The aim of this research project was to test and truth some recently developed methods for recovering thermospheric oxygen atom densities and thermospheric temperatures from ground-based observations of the 7320 A O(+)((sup 2)D - (sup 2)P) twilight air glow emission. The research plan was to use twilight observations made by the Visible Airglow Experiment (VAE) on the Atmosphere Explorer 'E' satellite as proxy ground based twilight observations. These observations were to be processed using the twilight inversion procedures, and the recovered oxygen atom densities and thermospheric temperatures were then to be examined to see how they compared with the densities and temperatures that were measured by the Open Source Mass Spectrometer and the Neutral Atmosphere Temperature Experiment on the satellite.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-193205 , NAS 1.26:193205
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  • 7
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    Initiation of cooling due to bubble growth on a heating surface (1964)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-21
    Description: Initiation of surface cooling due to bubble growth on heating surface
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TN-D-2290
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Counterstreaming hydrogen and oxygen ions observed in the magnetosphere on ISEE-1 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Counterstreaming ions or ions travelling simultaneously both parallel and antiparallel to the magnetic field direction have been briefly noted in the literature but have not been studied previously in depth. Over 60 counterstreaming ion (CSI) events observed on the ISEE-1 satellite have been studied. They were found to occur at altitudes of about 2 to 8 earth radii on L shells of about 5 to 12 in the evening-to-morning sector from about 1700-0900 LT. Often both oxygen and hydrogen ions at a number of energy levels are counterstreaming but some events show only either oxygen or hydrogen ions involved. One particularly interesting event shows only counterstreaming oxygen ions with 417 eV energy; oxygen ions of lower energy (215 eV) and above (630-17,000 eV) and all the hydrogen ions between 215-17,000 eV energy have lower fluxes and/or nearly isotropic pitch angle distributions. This event correlates well with wave activity in the 17-100 Hz band and is also accompanied by 200 eV downgoing and 400 eV upgoing electrons. Details of this event and the other counterstreaming events are presented.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 5; 4 19; 421-424
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  • 9
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    The mass dependence of wave particle interactions as observed with the ISEE-1 energetic ion mass spectrometer (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Simultaneous measurements of the O(+) and H(+) distributions from two transverse acceleration events in the high altitude auroral ionosphere are presented. The data were acquired from the energetic ion mass spectrometer on the ISEE-1 satellite, in the dusk sector, on auroral field lines (L = 8-9), at geocentric radial distances of about 3 earth radii. Temporal and/or spatial fluctuations during the measurement cycle resulted in some scatter of the data points, but the transverse velocity distributions are reasonably well represented by maxwellians at energies in the few hundred eV range. The transverse temperatures were about 60 eV in both cases and no significant differences were observed between the temperatures of the O(+) and H(+). The flux intensities of the two ion species were also generally comparable.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: (ISSN 0094-8276)
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  • 10
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    Concerning sources of O/1D/ in Aurora - Electron impact and dissociative recombination (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The present investigation is concerned with two questions. One is related to the possibility that the O(1D) level is produced by an as yet unidentified process in aurora. The second question is concerned with the need for an additional source and the altitude over which it is required. The data base of the AE satellite (AE-D in particular) was examined for this study. It is found that dissociative recombination and electron impact are inadequate sources of O(1D) in aurora. Nearly 90% of the source function is unidentified below 200 km and about 55% is missing above 250 km. The possibility that thermal electron impact could provide the missing source above 250 km was examined. Calculations showed that the missing source above 250 km could be explained by thermal electron impact if the electron temperatures were approximately 2900 K.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 88; Apr. 1
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