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  • 1
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    Kinetics and product studies of the BrO + ClO reaction - Implications for Antarctic chemistry (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Discharge flow-mass spectrometry and flash photolysis-UV spectrometry were used to investigate the reaction of ClO with BrO over the temperature range of 220-400 K and the pressure range of 1-760 Torr. Rate constants were determined for: (1) Br + ClOO, (2) Br + OClO, and (3) BrCl + O2. It is found that the rate constants for the overall reaction and each reaction branch are inversely dependent on temperature and independent of pressure. For temperatures found in the Antarctic stratosphere, the rate coefficients for the channels yielding ClOO and OClO are a factor of 2-3 larger than previously estimated.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 15; 887-890
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A kinetics study of the homogeneous and heterogeneous components of the HCl + ClONO2 reaction (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The kinetics of the reaction HCl + ClONO2 to Cl2 + HNO3 were investigated at 298 K using a flow reactor with FTIR analysis to assess the importance of this reaction for stratospheric chemistry. The observed reaction was characteristic of a heterogeneous process; an upper limit of 5 x 10 to the -18th cu cm/molecule per s was obtained for the homogeneous gas phase rate constant. From calculations of the first order wall rate constant, estimates were made of the reaction rate on stratospheric aerosols. Because both HCl and ClONO2 need to be adsorbed on the particle surface, the reaction will be of negligible importance under most stratospheric conditions.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: (ISSN 0094-8276); 13; 1351-135
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  • 3
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    Spatial variation of ozone depletion rates in the springtime Antarctic polar vortex (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An area-mapping technique, designed to filter out synoptic perturbations of the Antarctic polar vortex such as distortion or displacement away from the pole, was applied to the Nimbus-7 TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) data. This procedure reveals the detailed morphology of the temporal evolution of column O3. The results for the austral spring of 1987 suggest the existence of a relatively stable collar region enclosing an interior that is undergoing large variations. A simplified photochemical model of O3 loss and the temporal evolution of the area-mapped polar O3 are used to constrain the chlorine monoxide (ClO) concentrations in the springtime Antarctic vortex. The O3 loss rates could be larger than deduced here because of underestimates of total O3 by TOMS near the terminator.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 248; 721-724
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  • 4
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    Rate of formation of the ClO dimer in the polar stratosphere - Implications for ozone loss (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The gas-phase recombination of chlorine monoxide (ClO) has been investigated under the conditions of pressure and temperature that prevail in the Antarctic stratosphere during the period of maximum ozone (O3) disappearance. Measured rate constants are less than one-half as great as the previously accepted values. One-dimensional model calculations based on the new rate data indicate that currently accepted chemical mechanisms can quantitatively account for the observed O3 losses in late spring (17 September to 7 October). A qualitative assessment indicates that the existing mechanisms can only account for at most one-half of the measured O3 depletion in the early spring (28 August to 17 September), indicating that there may be additional catalytic cycles, besides those currently recognized, that destroy O3.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 245; 1095-109
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