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  • GEOPHYSICS  (17)
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  • 1
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    Stratospheric ozone measurements from the 1985 MAP/GLOBUS NO(x) campaign (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Nine experiments obtained stratospheric ozone measurements during the fall 1985 Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP) Global Budget of Stratospheric Trace Constituents (GLOBUS) NO(x) campaign. Measurements are grouped into four sets from four air masses and compared. Agreement between individual experiments and weighted mean profiles is generally within 10 percent and within absolute accuracies. Dobson Umkehr values in layer 5 differ by more than absolute accuracies from weighted mean profiles. Brewer sonde values for one data set are outside absolute accuracies near the ozone peak. Solar UV occultation measurements are 30-35 percent less than the weighted mean profile and outside absolute accuracies. Measurements from the Exospheric Satellite backscattered ultraviolet experiment, not previously compared with other techniques, agree within 10-15 percent of weighted mean profiles. Results of the campaign are generally consistent with those of four previous intercomparison campaigns.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 11074-11
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  • 2
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    Diurnal variations of odd nitrogen and ionic densities in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere - Simultaneous solution of photochemical-diffusive equations (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 80; Oct. 1
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Influence of magnetoplasma on gyro-synchrotron radiation (1969)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Gyrosynchrotron from accelerated electron, discussing effects of cold and collisionless magnetoplasma on far field and frequency spectra
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 4
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    Measurements of stratospheric ozone by rocket ozonesondes in Japan (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A small optical ozone instrument has been developed for a rocket-borne dropsonde to measure the altitude profile of stratospheric ozone. It consists of a four-color filter photometer that measures the attenuation of sunlight as a function of altitude at four wavelengths in the middle ultraviolet. The ozone dropsonde is launched aboard a meteorological rocket MT-135, providing the altitude profiles of ozone as well as atmospheric temperature and wind. The rocket launchings have been carried out five times since August 1990 at Uchinoura (31 deg N, 131 deg E), Japan to measure ozone concentration from 52 to 20 km altitudes during the slow fall of the dropsonde. The ozone profiles measured in summer (August 27, 1990; Sep. 11 and 12, 1991) were very stable above an altitude of 28km. where as those measured in winter (Feb. 9, and 11, 1991) showed considerable day-to-day variations at the stratospheric altitudes. Ozone, temperature and wind profiles measured simultaneously by both rocket and balloon ozonsondes are compared with CIRA 1986 model atmosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, Ozone in the Troposphere and Stratosphere, Part 2; p 811-814
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    MSG-7: Molecular absorption processes related to the penetration of ultraviolet solar radiation into the middle atmosphere (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The information presently available on the absorption cross sections of O2 and O3 with attention to the application of these data in middle atmospheric science is reviewed. The cross sections values reported by different groups are intercompared in tabular form where feasible, and specific values are recommended when there is a basis for preferring a particular set of results over other available data. When no such basis exists, the differences among published cross sections then serve to indicate a range of uncertainty. In these cases the need for additional work is indicated. Specific topics addressed are the absorption of molecular oxygen at Lyman alpha, in the Schumann-Runge continuum, in the Schumann-Runge bands, and in the Herzberg continuum. For ozone, the Hartley and Huggins bands are considered.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, Vol. 8; p 53-74
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  • 6
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    The 50-MHz meteor radar observation at Syowa Station, Antarctica (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The 50-MHz Doppler radar installed at Syowa Station (69 deg 00'S, 39 deg 35'E), Antarctica, in 1982 can detect continuously a meteor echo if an operator assigns the meteor mode operation to the radar. The radar has two narrow antenna beams (4 deg in the horizontal plane), one toward geomagnetic south and the other toward approximately geographic south, with a crossing angle of about 33 deg. The minicomputer annexed to the radar controls the transmission and reception of a 50-MHz wave. If the receiver detects a meteor echo, the flag signal is sent to the computer. Then the computer begins to determine the echo range with a time resolution of 1 micro s and to sample every 200 microns/s for 1 s the Doppler signal and echo intensity at the particular range (R). The line-of-sight velocity (V sub D) of the echo trail is calculated from the output from the Doppler signal detection circuit having an offset frequency by using the so-called zero-crossing method. The echo amplitude decay time calculated by a least-mean square method is used to obtain the ambipolar diffusion coefficient (D) and then to calculate the echo height (H). About 120 day observations were made during 1982-1983. Some early results are presented. magnetic tapes together with V sub D, D, H and R for later analysis in Japan. About 120 day observation were made during 1982-1983. Some early results are presented.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 3 p
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  • 7
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    VHF radar observation of the middle atmosphere at Syowa Station, Antarctica (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The newly developed pulsed Doppler radars with 50 and 112 MHz were installed at Syowa Station (69 deg 00'S, 39 deg 35'E geographic; 70.0 deg S, 80.2 deg E geomagnetic) in 1982 and 1983, respectively. They have the nominal peak power of 15 kW; the narrow antenna beams (4 deg in the horizontal plane) in two different directions (approximately geomagnetic south and geographic south with a crossing angle of about 33 deg), the three operation modes (spectrum, double-pulse and meteor mode). The radars were designed to measure the intensity and Doppler velocity of auroral radar echoes due to the 3- and 1.34-m irregularities appearing often in the disturbed E region and also to detect the meteor echoes in the 80 to 100 km altitudes, thereby to clarify how the middle atmosphere in the polar region behaves in response to the energy input from the magnetosphere, especially during a substorm. Some initial results obtained through the radar operation during 1982 to 1983 are presented to show that this system is useful for continuous monitoring of the lower auroral ionosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 6 p
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  • 8
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    Measurement of polar stratospheric NO2 from the 23rd and 24th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE) balloon experiments (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: As a part of the Japanese activities of MAP in the Antarctica, balloon-borne measurements of the stratospheric NO2 profile were planned and carried out by the JARE 23rd and 24th wintering parties. Few results have been reported so far as the stratospheric NO2 profile at high latitude. There were no reported balloon measurements carried out in the Southern Hemisphere. Profiles are presented for the first balloon-borne measurement of the stratospheric NO2 in the Antarctica. Three balloons named JA21, JA25 and JA26 were launched from Syowa Station (69 deg S, 35.6 deg E) using 5000 cu. cm plastic balloons. JA21 balloon was launched on November 24, 1982, and JA25 and JA26 balloons on November 12 and 20, 1983, respectively.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 5 p
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  • 9
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    Observation of atmospheric minor constituents by FTIR at Syowa Station, Antarctica (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: As a part of the Antarctic MAP activity, a ground-based spectroscopic observation of atmospheric infrared transmission was started at Syowa station (69 deg 00'S, 39 deg 35'E) in March 24, 1983. Observations of sunlight as a radiation source were made with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer having a maximum path difference of 80 mm and an apodized FWHM resolution of approx. 0.12/cm. In routine operation through the year, the resolution of approx. 0.8/cm was applied for economy of data-processing time. The 408 spectra for 72 days were obtained in about 10 months until January 23, 1984. From the absorption features revealed in the spectra over the wave number range of 500 to 7500/cm, a preliminary estimate of N202 gamma sub 1 band absorption was attempted. An apparent transmittance was defined at the wave number 2576/cm, where the absorption by N20 molecules affected the observed intensity strongly. A ray-tracing technique and a line-by-line calculation with a model atmosphere and the AFGL atmospheric absorption line parameters compilation were applied to the calculation of the synthetic spectra.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 3 p
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    A negative ion model in the lower stratosphere (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: There are a number of problems in the electricity of the stratosphere at middle latitudes; e.g., the positive relation between the seasonal variations of negative polar conductivity and that of ozone density, the observed dependence of the daytime variation of conductivity on the solar zenith angle, and the interaction between the ions and aerosols, particularly the processes of the conversion from negative ions to the sulfate aerosols; e.g., ion-nucleation and the growth through multi-ion complexes. As a basic tool for investigating these problems, a negative ion chemical model was constructed in the altitude region of 15 to 30 km. Recently, the success of in situ mass analysis of stratospheric ions has revealed the nature of the most abundant ions in the stratosphere. Further, the height variations of negative ion composition between 15 and 34 km were obtained with the balloon-borne mass spectrometer by another researcher. A comparison of the calculated result with the observed result is given.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 4 p
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