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  • 1
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    Time-dependent models of single- and double-layer mantle convection (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Time-dependent numerical models of two-dimensional convection which simulate mantle convection are presented. Starting from a fluid initially at rest with a purely conductive temperature profile, it is found that for a Rayleigh number of ten million, the model experiences a transient period of double-layer convection which lasts on the order of hundreds of millions of years when scaled to the earth's mantle. It is suggested that transient periods of double-layer convection in the earth's mantle may have existed in the past, whether or not such a period exists today.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 308; 533-535
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Finite-amplitude models of convection in the early mantle (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Models of finite-amplitude, time-dependent mantle convection at Reynolds number ten million are calculated. The models are based on the Boussinesq approximation for convection at infinite Prandtl number and treat convection in a two-dimensional, Cartesian coordinate box with an aspect ratio of 1.4. The initial conditions consist of a static fluid with a purely conductive temperature profile, while the boundary conditions are taken to be free slip, with impenetrable insulating side walls. The initial conditions are found to result in an initial burst of convection that reverses the horizontally averaged temperature gradient, making the middle layers stable with respect to convection. With bottom heating and cooling of the top, two distinct layers of convective cells occur; with top cooling only, the upper layer alone convects.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (ISSN 0031-9201); 36; 328-336
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    High spatial resolution models of time-dependent, layered mantle convection (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Time-dependent models of Boussinesq convection are analyzed in order to determine the potential existence of the transient phase of multiple layered convection initially described by Ross and Sacks (1982, 1984). The initial thermal profile for subsolidus mantle convection is examined in terms of an adiabatic or a conductive profile. The effects of varied spatial resolution, aspect ratio, Rayleigh number, initial buoyancy, and supersolidus temperature cutoffs on mantle convection are investigated. It is observed that the data supports the existence of the transient phase of multiple layered convection.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Journal (ISSN 0016-8009); 87; 241-264
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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