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  • 1
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    Trace gas measurements from tethered balloon platforms (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Instrumentation and chemical sampling and analysis procedures are described for making measurements of atmospheric carbon disulfide in the concentration range 1-1000 pptv from tethered balloon platforms. Results of a study on the CS2 composition of air downward of a saltwater marsh are reported. A method for obtaining the necessary data for solving the budget equations for surface fluxes, chemical formation rates and chemical destruction rates using data acquired from tethered balloon platforms is presented.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (ISSN 0739-0572); 4; 227-232
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Performance characteristics of the electrochemical concentration cell ozonesonde (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A large number of electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes were calibrated in relation to a UV photometric absorption ozone instrument prior to using the ozonesondes in atmospheric soundings. The two methods of measuring ozone were in reasonable agreement on the average, but there was considerable variation from one ozonesonde to another. Averaging the individual linear regressions gives an ECC ozone concentration equal to 0 + or - 8 nbar plus (0.96 + or - 0.10) times the concentration determined with the UV instrument, where uncertainties represent 90% confidence limits. Applying individual calibration corrections to atmospheric sounding data reduced the mean difference between Dobson spectrophotometric measurements of total ozone overburdens and corresponding values obtained from ozonesonde data from -8.5 + or - 8.2 to -1.4 + or - 7.3% for a series of measurements carried out in 1977. Corresponding uncorrected and corrected differences averaged 3.2 + or - 9.7 and 1.9 + or - 10.6%, respectively, for soundings carried out in 1976.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Nov. 20
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Electrochemical concentration cell ozonesonde accuracy and precision (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This paper is concerned with the results of a study designed to evaluate experimentally the accuracy and precision of electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes as prepared and flown by NASA, as a function of altitude. A combination of dual-instrument soundings and laboratory work using an environmental chamber was employed in the study. The ECC ozonesonde is a small, balloon-borne sensor developed for obtaining vertical profiles of atmospheric ozone. Attention is given to the design of the employed environmental chamber, ozone and temperature profiles used in simulated ozonesonde soundings, absolute and relative ECC ozonesonde precision estimates determined with the environmental chamber and from dual-instrument balloon soundings, and the ECC ozonesonde accuracy.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 7881-788
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Free tropospheric measurements of CS2 over a 45 deg N to 45 deg S latitude range (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The mean value obtained from 52 free tropospheric measurements of CS2 over the 45 deg N-45 deg S latitude range was 5.7 pptv, with standard deviation and standard error of 1.9 and 0.3 pptv, respectively. Large fluctuations in the CS2 concentration are observed which reflect the apparent short atmospheric residence time and inhomogeneities in the surface sources of CS2. The amounts of CS2 in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are statistically equal.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 12; 9-11
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  • 5
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    The application of laser-Raman light scattering to the determination of sulfate in sea and estuarine waters (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Laser-Raman light scattering is a technique for determining sulfate concentrations in sea and estuarine waters with apparently none of the interferences inherent in the gravimetric and titrametric methods. The Raman measurement involved the ratioing of the peak heights of an unknown sulfate concentration and a nitrate internal standard. This ratio was used to calculate the unknown sulfate concentration from a standard curve. The standard curve was derived from the Raman data on prepared nitrate-sulfate solutions. At the 99.7% confidence level, the accuracy of the Raman technique was 7 to 8.6 percent over the concentration range of the standard curve. The sulfate analyses of water samples collected at the mouth of the James River, Hampton, Virginia, demonstrated that in most cases sulfate had a constant concentration relative to salinity in this area.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-138124
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Remote detection of aerosol pollution by ERTS (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Photogrammetric and densitometric examination of ERTS-1 MSS imagery of eastern Virginia coupled with extensive ground truth air quality and meteorological data has shown that the identification and surveying of fixed particulate emitters (smoke plumes) is feasible. A description of the ground truth network is included. The quantitative monitoring of smoke stacks from orbital altitudes over state-size regions appears possible when tied to realistic plume models and minimal ground truth. Contrast reductions over urban areas can possibly be utilized to produce isopleths of particulates when supplemented by local measurements.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E73-10419 , NASA-CR-131209
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Use of ERTS imagery in air pollution and marine biology studies, tasks 1 through 3 (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report. The general suitability of ERTS imagery in detecting ground originated air pollution has proved to be excellent. The quality and resolution exceeded expectations and has permitted in some instances location of point sources to within a thousand feet. Suitable techniques have not yet been developed for determining or measuring area and line sources of air pollution. A major problem has been cloud cover that has persisted over the area of primary interest, the Chesapeake Bay. Work has been completed on mounting the shipboard transmissometer which will be used for investigations to relate the chlorophyll and suspended sediment content in the waters of the Lower Chesapeake Bay to ERTS-1 imagery. Water sampling, plankton analysis, and preparations for sea collection of water truth along the eastern continental shelf of the U.S. have been completed for use in comparisons with ERTS-1 data.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E72-10367 , NASA-CR-129800
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Remote detection of aerosol pollution by ERTS (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Remote detection of aerosol pollution by ERTS-1 in Eastern Virginia
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E73-10134 , PAPER-E5 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Environment Surveys; p 64
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Estimates of the fluxes of NO, SO2, H2S, CS2 and OCS from Mt. Saint Helens deduced from in situ plume concentration measurements (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 9; Sept
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Research on atmospheric volcanic emissions - An overview (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Atmospheric abundances and the geochemical cycle of certain volatile compounds and elements may be largely influenced or entirely controlled by magmatic sources. However, better estimates of the magnitude and variability of volcanic emissions are required if the importance of this natural source of atmospheric constituents and the resulting effect on atmospheric chemistry are to be elucidated. The project 'Research on Atmospheric Volcanic Emissions' (RAVE) is concerned with the improvement of knowledge of both geological and chemical phenomena attending these emissions by means of comprehensive instrumentation on board a research aircraft making simultaneous measurements of plume constituents. A description is presented of the equipment and the procedures used in the RAVE field study of Mt. St. Helens' plume. An overview of the results is also provided.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 9; Sept
    Format: text
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