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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The role of lidar in atmospheric studies concerned with radiative energy transfer and remote sensing is summarized. The application of lidar to climatic change investigations is proposed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Calif. Univ. Proc. of the UCLA Intern. Conf. on Radiation and Remote Probing of the Atmosphere; p 367-394
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  • 2
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: During the penetration by Ogo 5 of the low-latitude disturbed polar cusp region on Nov. 1, 1968, while a major magnetic storm was in progress, a variety of plasma wave activity was observed. Observations of waves with amplitudes less than 2% of the background magnetic field intensity and having frequencies between approximately 0.67 and 0.87 times the local proton gyrofrequency are described. The polarization of these waves indicates that they are propagating at an appreciable angle to the local geomagnetic field line direction. The source of these waves has not been determined, but currents and gradient drifts are suggested as possible agents.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-13-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-17-OM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-24-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; June 1
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: During the magnetic storm of November 1, 1968, the Ogo 5 spacecraft encountered the polar cusp region at low magnetic latitudes. We show that the region just outside the last closed field lines contained a warm magnetosheath plasma, magnetic field perturbations interpretable as field-aligned current layers, and electrostatic waves possibly due to plasma instabilities driven by these currents. Estimates of anomalous resistivity extrapolated along the field lines due to these electrostatic waves lead to estimates of field-aligned potential drops between Ogo 5 and the ionosphere on the order of 2 kV.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-13-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-17-OM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-24-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; May 1
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Several spacecraft experimenters have reported on the detection of large temporal variations in trapped electron fluxes near L = 5 to 6 at midlatitudes in the night hemisphere. In this report we describe in detail the particle, wave, and field changes measured when Ogo 5 traversed an outer-zone trapping boundary of this type on September 7, 1968. It is shown that thermal proton concentrations and E greater than 50-keV electron fluxes abruptly decreased when electrons with (1-4) keV mean energy were detected. It is also shown that currents flowed along the average geomagnetic field direction near the plasma boundaries and that these were accompanied by intense VLF electrostatic waves. It is proposed that turbulent resistivity produced by current-driven plasma instabilities allows parallel dc electric fields to develop along this boundary.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-17-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-18-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-24-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; May 1
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analysis of the ERTS-1 imagery and high-altitude infrared photography indicates that useful fracture data can be obtained in Indiana and Illinois despite a glacial till cover. ERTS MSS bands 5 and 7 have proven most useful for fracture mapping in coal-bearing rocks in this region. Preliminary results suggest a reasonable correlation between image-detected fractures and mine roof-fall accidents. Information related to surface mined land, such as disturbed area, water bodies, and kind of reclamation, has been derived from the analysis of ERTS imagery.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: PAPER-E1 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Symp. on Significant Results obtained from the ERTS-1, Vol. 1, Sect. A and B; p 553-560
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E73-10802 , NASA-CR-133209 , QPR-1
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  • 7
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: It is proposed that the semiannual variation in geomagnetic activity is caused by a semiannual variation in the effective southward component of the interplanetary field. The southward field arises because the interplanetary field is ordered in the solar equatorial coordinate system, whereas the interaction with the magnetosphere is controlled by a magnetospheric system. Several simple models utilizing this effective modulation of the southward component of the interplanetary field are examined. One of these closely predicts the observed phase and amplitude of the semiannual variation. This model assumes that northward interplanetary fields are noninteracting and that the interaction with southward fields is ordered in solar magnetospheric coordinates. The prediction of the diurnal variation of the strength of the interaction at the magnetopause by this model, does not, however, match the diurnal variation of geomagnetic activity as derived from ground-based data.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Jan. 1
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  • 8
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Present observations have revealed a variety of magnetic wave phenomena in the tail, from ULF to ELF frequencies. However, only VLF measurements of electric fields have been made. These measurements reveal that the tail is electrically quiet at VLF frequencies, except in the near-earth plasma sheet during substorm expansion phases. The magnetic waves observed include: waves with periods of about 2 min which cause the plasma sheet boundary position and the neutral sheet location to oscillate; waves from .1 to 1 Hz which occur throughout the plasma sheet during plasma sheet expansions; and ELF waves which occur sporadically in the plasma sheet.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-64-054A-01-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analytical photogrammetry demonstrated that automatic three dimensional mapping of forest terrain was technically feasible. The examples were black and white photography at scales of 1:10,000 and 1:24,000. The major improvement in terrain modelling was the addition of the capability of joining small quadrangles together to form one large model about equal to the effective area of the pair of photographs. Improvements of somewhat lesser importance include: (1) the use of up to 16 grey levels; (2) the elimination of several coordinate transformations; and (3) the annotation of three-tone hysocline maps with elevations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-127690
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Two models, a system performance model and a program assessment model, have been developed to assist NASA management in the evaluation of development alternatives for the Earth Observations Program. Two computer models were developed and demonstrated on the Goddard Space Flight Center Computer Facility. Procedures have been outlined to guide the user of the models through specific evaluation processes, and the preparation of inputs describing earth observation needs and earth observation technology. These models are intended to assist NASA in increasing the effectiveness of the overall Earth Observation Program by providing a broader view of system and program development alternatives.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-122363 , RAC-CR-50
    Format: application/pdf
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