ISSN:
1572-9567
Keywords:
entrainer
;
FTIR
;
hydrogen bonding
;
supercritical
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Physics
Notes:
Abstract In chemical separation processes such as supercritical extraction the use of an entrainer cosolvent can dramatically improve selectivity and yield. Ideally, in an extraction process, an entrainer cosolvent should complex with only the desired solute, pulling it from the feed. But not all cosolvents are entrainers, and a cosolvent that is effective in one application may not be effective in others. Often, competing hydrogen bonding interactions limit the effectiveness of an entrainer cosolvent. In this paper FTIR spectroscopy is used to study hydrogen bonding competition in solute/solvent/entrainer cosolvent mixtures. The extent of hydrogen bonding is determined from analysis of hydrogen-bonded and non-hydrogen-bonded infrared absorption peaks. Since these peaks overlap, curvefitting and Fourier self-deconvolution techniques are used to resolve them. Concentrations of monomeric and hydrogen-bonded species are modeled using the associated perturbed anisotropic chain theory (APACT). Using APACT it is shown that the equilibrium constant, derived from activities, can be written as the product of a temperature-dependent term and the ratio of concentrations: K=(RT) vIIC i vi . This gives a statistical mechanical basis for the empirical observation that for hydrogen-bonding equilibria, the ratio of concentrations is approximately equal to the ratio of activities.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503864
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