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  • Betula pendula  (1)
  • Environmental Microbiology  (1)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Neonicotinoids are neurotoxic systemic insecticides used in plant protection worldwide. Unfortunately, application of neonicotinoids affects both beneficial and target insects indiscriminately. Being water soluble and persistent, these pesticides are capable of disrupting both food chains and biogeochemical cycles. This review focuses on the biodegradation of neonicotinoids in soil and water systems by the bacterial community. Several bacterial strains have been isolated and identified as capable of transforming neonicotinoids in the presence of an additional carbon source. Environmental parameters have been established for accelerated transformation in some of these strains. Studies have also indicated that enhanced biotransformation of these pesticides can be accomplished by mixed microbial populations under optimised environmental conditions. Substantial research into the identification of neonicotinoid-mineralising bacterial strains and identification of the genes and enzymes responsible for neonicotinoid degradation is still required to complete the understanding of microbial biodegradation pathways, and advance bioremediation efforts.
    Keywords: Environmental Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0378-1097
    Electronic ISSN: 1574-6968
    Topics: Biology
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 275-283 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Phenolics ; PAL activation ; insect herbivory ; plant resistance ; Betula pendula ; Apochemia pilosaria ; Lepidoptera ; geometridae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of both caterpillar herbivory and artificial damage on phenylalanine ammonia lysase (PAL) activity of birch foliage was measured, using an intact cell assay. After artificial damage there was a small increase in PAL activity in damaged leaves but no change in adjacent undamaged ones. Insect grazing produced a larger increase in PAL activity, and the enzyme activity was also increased in adjacent undamaged leaves. Artificial damage increased the phenolic levels of the damaged leaves. Insect grazing caused a larger, longer-lasting increase in phenolic levels and also elevated phenolic levels in undamaged leaves. The possible role of these wound-induced biochemical changes in birch is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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