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  • 1
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    A Space Testbed for Photovoltaics (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: The Ohio Aerospace Institute and the NASA Lewis Research Center are designing and building a solar-cell calibration facility, the Photovoltaic Engineering Testbed (PET) to fly on the International Space Station to test advanced solar cell types in the space environment. A wide variety of advanced solar cell types have become available in the last decade. Some of these solar cells offer more than twice the power per unit area of the silicon cells used for the space station power system. They also offer the possibilities of lower cost, lighter weight, and longer lifetime. The purpose of the PET facility is to reduce the cost of validating new technologies and bringing them to spaceflight readiness. The facility will be used for three primary functions: calibration, measurement, and qualification. It is scheduled to be launched in June of 2002.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Proceedings of the Seventh International Space University Alumni Conference; 49-51; NASA/CP-1999-209199
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Status of Diffused Junction p(+)n InP Solar Cells for Space Applications (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Recently, we have succeeded in fabricating diffused junction p(+)n(Cd,S) InP solar cells with measured AMO, 25 C open circuit voltage (V(sub OC)) of 887.6 mV, which, to the best of our knowledge, is higher than previously reported V(sub OC) values for any InP homojunction solar cells. The experiment-based projected achievable efficiency of these cells using LEC grown substrates is 21.3%. The maximum AMO, 25 C efficiency recorded to date on bare cells is, however, only 13.2%. This is because of large external and internal losses due to non-optimized front grid design, antireflection (AR) coating and emitter thickness. This paper summarizes recent advances in the technology of fabrication of p(+)n InP diffused structures and solar cells, resulted from a study undertaken in an effort to increase the cell efficiency. The topics discussed in this paper include advances in: 1) the formation of thin p(+) InP:Cd emitter layers, 2) electroplated front contacts, 3) surface passivation and 4) the design of a new native oxide/AI203/MgF2 three layer AR coating using a chemically-grown P-rich passivating oxide as a first layer. Based on the high radiation resistance and the excellent post-irradiation annealing and recovery demonstrated in the early tests done to date, as well as the projected high efficiency and low-cost high-volume fabricability, these cells show a very good potential for space photovoltaic applications.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Proceedings of the 13th Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology Conference (SPRAT 13); 63-79; NASA-CP-3278
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Use of Displacement Damage Dose in an Engineering Model of GaAs Solar Cell Radiation Damage (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: Current methods for calculating damage to solar cells are well documented in the GaAs Solar Cell Radiation Handbook (JPL 96-9). An alternative, the displacement damage dose (D(sub d)) method, has been developed by Summers, et al. This method is currently being implemented in the SAVANT computer program.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: 16th Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology Conference; 35-38; NASA/CP-2001-210747/REV1
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  • 4
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    Nanostructured Materials Developed for Solar Cells (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-05
    Description: There has been considerable investigation recently regarding the potential for the use of nanomaterials and nanostructures to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Efforts at the NASA Glenn Research Center have involved the development and use of quantum dots and carbon nanotubes to enhance inorganic and organic cell efficiencies. Theoretical results have shown that a photovoltaic device with a single intermediate band of states resulting from the introduction of quantum dots offers a potential efficiency of 63.2 percent. A recent publication extended the intermediate band theory to two intermediate bands and calculated a limiting efficiency of 71.7 percent. The enhanced efficiency results from converting photons of energy less than the band gap of the cell by an intermediate band. The intermediate band provides a mechanism for low-energy photons to excite carriers across the energy gap by a two-step process.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Research and Technology 2003; NASA/TM-2004-212729
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  • 5
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    Solar Cell Calibration and Measurement Techniques (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: The increasing complexity of space solar cells and the increasing international markets for both cells and arrays has resulted in workshops jointly sponsored by NASDA, ESA and NASA. These workshops are designed to obtain international agreement on standardized values for the AMO spectrum and constant, recommend laboratory measurement practices and establish a set of protocols for international comparison of laboratory measurements. A working draft of an ISO standard, WD15387, "Requirements for Measurement and Calibration Procedures for Space Solar Cells" was discussed with a focus on the scope of the document, a definition of primary standard cell, and required error analysis for all measurement techniques. Working groups addressed the issues of Air Mass Zero (AMO) solar constant and spectrum, laboratory measurement techniques, and te international round robin methodology. A summary is presented of the current state of each area and the formulation of the ISO document.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Proceedings of the 15th Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology Conference; 231-235; NASA/CP-2004-212735
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  • 6
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    Passivating Window/First Layer AR Coating for Space Solar Cells (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: Chemically grown oxides, if well designed, offer excellent surface passivation of the emitter surface of space solar cells and can be used as effective passivating window/first layer AR coating. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of using a simple room temperature wet chemical technique to grow cost effective passivating layers on solar cell front surfaces after the front grid metallization step. These passivating layers can be grown both on planar and porous surfaces. Our results show that these oxide layers: (i) can effectively passivate the from the surface, (ii) can serve as an effective optical window/first layer AR coating, (iii) are chemically, thermally and UV stable, and (iv) have the potential of improving the BOL and especially the EOL efficiency of space solar cells. The potential of using this concept to simplify the III-V based space cell heterostructures while increasing their BOL and EOL efficiency is also discussed.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Proceedings of the 15th Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology Conference; 103-111; NASA/CP-2004-212735
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  • 7
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    Photovoltaic cell and array technology development for future unique NASA missions (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A technology review committee from NASA, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the Air Force Research Lab, was formed to assess solar cell and array technologies required for future NASA science missions.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: 29th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference; New Orleans, LA; United States
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  • 8
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    Future Photovoltaic Power Generation for Space-Based Power Utilities (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper discusses requirements for large earth orbiting power stations that can serve as central utilities for other orbiting spacecraft, or for beaming power to the earth itself. The current state of the art of space solar cells, and a variety of both evolving thin film cells as well as new technologies that may impact the future choice of space solar cells for high power mission applications are addressed.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: IAF-02-R.4.06 , E-13688 , 53rd International Astronautical Congress: The World Space Congress-2002; Oct 10, 2002 - Oct 19, 2002; Houston, TX; United States
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  • 9
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    Space Environmental Testing of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Recent advances in nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells has lead NASA to investigate the potential of these devices for space power generation, Reported here is the first space environment characterization of these type of photovoltaic devices. Cells containing liquid electrolytes were exposed to simulated low-earth orbit conditions and their performance evaluated. All cells were characterized under simulated air mass zero (AMO) illumination. Complete cells were exposed to pressures less than 1 x 10(exp -7) torr for over a month, with no sign of sealant failure or electrolyte leakage. Cells from Solaronix SA were rapid thermal cycled under simulated low-earth orbit conditions. The cells were cycled 100 times from -80 C to 80 C, which is equivalent to 6 days in orbit. The best cell had a 4.6% loss in efficiency as a result of the thermal cycling,
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: Sixth European Space Power Conference; May 06, 2002 - May 10, 2002; Porto; Portugal
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  • 10
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    Advanced Thin Film Solar Arrays for Space: The Terrestrial Legacy (2001)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: As in the case for single crystal solar cells, the first serious thin film solar cells were developed for space applications with the promise of better power to weight ratios and lower cost. Future science, military, and commercial space missions are incredibly diverse. Military and commercial missions encompass both hundreds of kilowatt arrays to tens of watt arrays in various earth orbits. While science missions also have small to very large power needs there are additional unique requirements to provide power for near sun missions and planetary exploration including orbiters, landers, and rovers both to the inner planets and the outer planets with a major emphasis in the near term on Mars. High power missions are particularly attractive for thin film utilization. These missions are generally those involving solar electric propulsion, surface power systems to sustain an outpost or a permanent colony on the surface of the Moon or Mars, space based lasers or radar, or large Earth orbiting power stations which can serve as central utilities for other orbiting spacecraft, or potentially beaming power to the Earth itself. This paper will discuss the current state of the art of thin film solar cells and the synergy with terrestrial thin film photovoltaic evolution. It will also address some of the technology development issues required to make thin film photovoltaics a viable choice for future space power systems.
    Keywords: Energy Production and Conversion
    Type: 12th Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference; Jun 11, 2001 - Jun 15, 2001; Cheju Island; Korea, Democratic People''s Republic of
    Format: application/pdf
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