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  • 1
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    An Analysis of the NOAA Satellite-Derived Snow-Cover Record, 1972 - Present (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The large-scale distribution of snow cover over northern hemisphere lands has been a topic of increasing attention in recent years. This interest has been spurred, at least in part, by concerns associated with potential changes in the global climate system associated with anthropogenic and natural causes. Satellite observations using visible satellite imagery permit a hemispheric analysis of snow extent. For almost three decades the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has been using visible imagery to produce weekly charts depicting the extent of snow cover over northern hemisphere lands. These charts constitute the longest satellite-derived environmental dataset available on a continuous basis and produced in a consistent manner. We will briefly describe the NOAA charts and then provide an update on the variability of snow extent over the hemisphere from January 1972 through August 1995. Concentration will be on snow kinematics.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Proceedings of the First Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Workshop on Snow and Ice; 61-65; NASA/CP-3318
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Analysis of Summer 2002 Melt Extent on the Greenland Ice Sheet using MODIS and SSM/I Data (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Previous work has shown that the summer of 2002 had the greatest area of snow melt extent on the Greenland ice sheet ever recorded using passive-microwave data. In this paper, we compare the 0 degree isotherm derived from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument, with Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I)-derived melt, at the time of the maximum melt extent in 2002. To validate the MODIS-derived land-surface temperatures (LSTs), we compared the MODIS LSTs with air temperatures from nine stations (using 11 different data points) and found that they agreed to within 2.3 plus or minus 2.09 C, with station temperatures consistently lower than the MODIS LSTs. According to the MODIS LST, the maximum surface melt extended to approximately 2300 m in southern Greenland; while the SSM/I measurements showed that the maximum melt extended to nearly 2700 m in southeastern Greenland. The MODIS and SSM/I data are complementary in providing detailed information about the progression of surface and near-surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Presenation at IGARSS ''04; Sep 19, 2004 - Sep 25, 2004; Anchorage, AK; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Merging the MODIS and RUCL Monthly Snow-Cover Records (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Monthly time series from two satellite snow-cover records are merged to study the construction of a climate-data record for the Northern Hemisphere, and its limitations.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 2004; Sep 20, 2004 - Sep 24, 2004; Anchorage, AK; United States
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  • 4
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    A Review of Global Satellite-Derived Snow Products (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: Snow cover over the Northern Hemisphere plays a crucial role in the Earth's hydrology and surface energy balance, and modulates feedbacks that control variations of global climate. While many of these variations are associated with exchanges of energy and mass between the land surface and the atmosphere, other expected changes are likely to propagate downstream and affect oceanic processes in coastal zones. For example, a large component of the freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean comes from snow melt. The timing and magnitude of this flux affects biological and thermodynamic processes in the Arctic Ocean, and potentially across the globe through their impact on North Atlantic Deep Water formation. Several recent global remotely sensed products provide information at unprecedented temporal, spatial, and spectral resolutions. In this article we review the theoretical underpinnings and characteristics of three key products. We also demonstrate the seasonal and spatial patterns of agreement and disagreement amongst them, and discuss current and future directions in their application and development. Though there is general agreement amongst these products, there can be disagreement over certain geographic regions and under conditions of ephemeral, patchy and melting snow.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: GSFC.JA.5816.2011
    Format: application/pdf
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