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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: b-Type cytochrome ; Pyridine hemochromogen ; Photoreduction ; Cyanide ; CO, NO binding ; Fifth coordinate structure ; EPR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A green protein from the soluble extract of anaerobically grown Bacillus halodenitrificans cells was purified and determined by non-denaturing procedures or SDS-PAGE to have a molecular mass of 64 kDa. The pyridine hemochromogen was shown to be that of a b-type cytochrome prosthetic group that was soluble in ether. The protein contained 6.2mol protoheme per mol protein-1. Photoreduction of the native protein yielded a product with an electronic absorption spectrum retaining the 559 nm maximum and the 424-nm Soret band displayed in the dithionite-reduced sample. Incubation of a reduced sample in the presence of air failed to return it to the original oxidation state. Electronic spin was not affected by pH. The reduced but not the oxidized form of the cytochrome bound cyanide, carbon monoxide, and nitric oxide, providing spectra resembling those of cytochromes c′ from several sources. Addition of nitroprusside to the reduced protein yielded a spectrum similar to that of the NO reacted protein. Nitric oxide failed to reduce the green protein. The position of the Soret band in the spectrum of the nitric oxide derivative of the green protein suggested a fifth-coordinate nitrosylheme structure. EPR studies provided g values with the triplet spectral pattern consistent with a five-coordinate ferrous nitrosyl heme. Flushing of the NO-derivative with argon and overnight exposure to air returned the nitrosylheme to the ferric form, and EPR values confirmed the reversion. All these spectral characterizations are strikingly similar to those of soluble guanylate cyclase, including the observation that NO was reversibly bound to the protein. EPR spectra of whole cells also displayed the hyperfine lines typical of a nitrosyl-ferrous heme, accentuated when dithionite was added. In the absence of a definitive physiological role because of its unusual properties, the green protein was named a nitric oxide-binding protein.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words     b-Type cytochrome ; Pyridine ; hemochromogen ; Photoreduction ; Cyanide ; CO ; NO binding ; Fifth coordinate structure ; EPR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract      A green protein from the soluble extract of anaerobically grown Bacillus halodenitrificans cells was purified and determined by non-denaturing procedures or SDS-PAGE to have a molecular mass of 64 kDa. The pyridine hemochromogen was shown to be that of a b-type cytochrome prosthetic group that was soluble in ether. The protein contained 6.2 mol protoheme per mol protein–1. Photoreduction of the native protein yielded a product with an electronic absorption spectrum retaining the 559-nm maximum and the 424-nm Soret band displayed in the dithionite-reduced sample. Incubation of a reduced sample in the presence of air failed to return it to the original oxidation state. Electronic spin was not affected by pH. The reduced but not the oxidized form of the cytochrome bound cyanide, carbon monoxide, and nitric oxide, providing spectra resembling those of cytochromes c′ from several sources. Addition of nitroprusside to the reduced protein yielded a spectrum similar to that of the NO reacted protein. Nitric oxide failed to reduce the green protein. The position of the Soret band in the spectrum of the nitric oxide derivative of the green protein suggested a fifth-coordinate nitrosylheme structure. EPR studies provided g values with the triplet spectral pattern consistent with a five-coordinate ferrous nitrosyl heme. Flushing of the NO-derivative with argon and overnight exposure to air returned the nitrosylheme to the ferric form, and EPR values confirmed the reversion. All these spectral characterizations are strikingly similar to those of soluble guanylate cyclase, including the observation that NO was reversibly bound to the protein. EPR spectra of whole cells also displayed the hyperfine lines typical of a nitrosyl-ferrous heme, accentuated when dithionite was added. In the absence of a definitive physiological role because of its unusual properties, the green protein was named a nitric oxide-binding protein.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 7 (1989), S. 293-300 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Proteoglycans ; Hyaluronic acid ; Testicular cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Long-term cultures of somatic testicular cells derived from immature and pubertal rats were used to study the synthesis of proteoglycans (PG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Labelled PG and HA in the culture medium, membrane-associated and intracellular pools were characterized by gel fitration, ion exchange chromatography and selected enzymatic and chemical treatments. Somatic cells synthesize a PG containing both heparan and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) chains and a PG containing only CS/DS chains. No major qualitative changes in the type of PG were observed in cells derived from immature and pubertal animals. However, significant age-dependent differences in the cell distribution pattern of PG and HA were determined. This may have implications in the regulation of spermatogenesis.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 9 (1991), S. 63-67 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Collagen ; extracellular matrix ; testicular cells ; long-term culture ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The synthesis, distribution and types of collagen produced by somatic testicular cells in culture was studied. To investigate whether changes in collagen synthesis correlate with the age of the animal, cultures derived from immature and pubertal rats were established. Immature rats synthesize 40 per cent more collagen than pubertal rats. Both groups of animals synthesize procollagen types I and III. Pro-collagen type I is present in the culture medium as well as in the cell fraction, while type III is only detected in the culture medium. In the transition from immature to pubertal rat, the ratio of procollagen type III to procollagen type I diminishes from 5·7 to 1·7. These results indicate that the synthesis, distribution and molecular characteristics of interstitial collagens changes with the age of the animal. Since, the content of other extracellular matrix components such as proteoglycans and collagen type IV also varies with age, we postulate that the composition of the extracellular matrix in the testes is not constant but changes with sexual development.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 15 (1994), S. 240-243 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary zone electrophoresis was used to analyze some drugs illegally used in sports. The spectroscopic characteristics and electrophoresis migration parameters of diuretics, narcotics-analgesics and β-blockers were established. Analytical figures of merit including parameters on the precision of migration and limits of detection are discussed. Results for the separation of drugs of different doping families are discussed. An analysis of urine from a patient receiving daily dosis of atenolol is presented.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Cyclodextrine ; Diffusion ; H/D-Austausch ; Festkörperstrukturen ; Raman-Spektroskopie ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Iron ; Seawater ; Adsorptive stripping voltammetry ; Speciation ; 1-Nitroso-2-napthol ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A fast adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure for the determination of ultratrace amounts of iron in unpurged oceanic waters is reported. The method is based on that developed by van den Berg et al. [l]. It was modified to increase the sensitivity, to measure in the presence of oxygen and to reduce drastically the analysis time at the ultratrace level (pM). The scan rate, pH and concentrations of reagents were optimized to avoid interferences using background correction. The catalytic effect of the hydrogen peroxide was not found using high scan rate. The instability of the peak was related to colloidal iron. Acidified or heated samples showed stable peaks. The method is insensitive to the turbulence of the solution during the scan. The reproducibility (±40 pM) and detection limits (120 pM) of the method were calculated using 60s deposition time and oceanic waters (600pM). The detection limit can be lowered to 70 pM using 3 min accumulation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: cyclodextrins ; diffusion ; H/D exchange ; Raman spectroscopy ; solid-state structures ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: NMR ; 1H-NMR ; NOESY ; TOCSY ; Desulfovibrio sp. ; ferredoxins ; [3Fe-4S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters ; 2D NMR ; iron-sulfur clusters ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1D and 2D 1H NMR studies are reported on the oxidized and reduced [4Fe-4S] cluster of Desulfovibrio gigas ferredoxin I (Fdl). Several low-field contact shifted resonances (fast relaxing) are assigned to β-CH2 and α-CH coordinated cysteinyl residues. NOESY patterns (supported by 1D NOE experiments) resolves four pairs of geminal β-CH2 protons at low-field. The cluster ligands are assigned non-specifically to Cys8, Cys11, Cys14 and Cys50, based on the X-ray structural analysis available for the oligomeric form, FdII, that contains a single [3Fe-4S] cluster. It was indicated in this case that Cys11 is not bound to the trinuclear cluster but is tilted towards the solvent. The presence of four pairs of geminal β-CH2 protons for FdI unambiguously proves the occupancy of the fourth site of the [3Fe-4S] complex and implies the coordination of the Cys11 at the cluster. Analysis of the oxidized form of FdII, using the same methodology as described for FdI, supports the presence of three cysteinyl ligands in the [3Fe-4S] core. Further, the combined use of the X-ray coordinates enables the specific assignment of the three cysteinyl ligands of the cluster, extending a previous assignment of Cys50. In addition, very broad resonances were detected for the reduced form of FdII in the low-field region around 200 ppm and in the high field region around -80 ppm.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: NMR ; 1H NMR ; Cytochrome c peroxidase ; Paracoccus denitrificans ; Haem spin state control ; Calcium effect ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cytochrome c peroxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans LMD 52.44 was recently identified. The enzyme contains two c-type haems: one is reducible physiologically by cytochrome c550 from the same organism or non-physiologically by ascorbate (high-potential haem) and the other by dithionite (low-potential haem). The enzymatically active form of the peroxidase is the half-reduced enzyme state, in which the high-potential haem is in the iron(II) state and the low-potential haem is in the iron(III) state. It was found that the two haems interact and that the enzyme binds calcium ions near the haem sites which are necessary to promote its activation. In the oxidized form, the high-potential haem is in a high-spin and the low-potential haem is in a low-spin state. The half-reduction of the enzyme with ascorbate-diaminodurol changes the high-potential haem (high-spin) into a low-spin state and the low-potential haem converts from a low- into a high-spin state. This high-spin conversion of the low-potential haem is induced by the presence of calcium ions. These processes of reduction and spin state change can be easily resolved in time by removing the calcium from the enzyme using EDTA, facilitating the observation of the intermediate form by NMR.
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