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  • ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION  (3)
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  • 1
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    Identification of widespread pollution in the Southern Hemisphere deduced from satellite analyses (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Vertical profiles of ozone obtained from ozonesondes in Brazzaville (Congo) and Ascension Island show that large quantities of tropospheric ozone are present over southern Africa and the adjacent eastern tropical South Atlantic Ocean. The origin of this pollution is widespread biomass burning in Africa. These measurements support satellite-derived tropospheric ozone data that demonstrate that ozone originating from this region is transported throughout most of the Southern Hemisphere. Seasonally high levels of CO2 and methane observed at middle- and high-latitude stations in Africa, Australia, and Antarctica likely reflect the effects of this distant biomass burning. These data suggest that even the most remote regions on this planet may be significantly more polluted than previously believed.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 252; 1693-169
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Volcanic-aerosol-induced changes in stratospheric ozone following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Measurements of lower stratospheric ozone in the Tropics using electrochemical concentrations cell (ECC) sondes and the airborne UV Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo are compared with the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment 2 (SAGE 2) and ECC sonde measurements from below the eruption to determine what changes have occurred as a result. Aerosol data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and the visible and IR wavelengths of the lidar system are used to examine the relationship between aerosols and ozone changes. Ozone decreases of 30 percent at altitudes between 19 and 26 km, partial column (16-28 km) decreases of about 27 D.U., and slight increases (5.4 D.U.) between 28 and 31 km are found in comparison with SAGE 2 climatological values.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, Ozone in the Troposphere and Stratosphere, Part 2; p 631-634
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Interpretation of DIAL Measurements of Lower Stratospheric Ozone in Regions with Pinatubo Aerosols (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-24
    Description: The influence of volcanic aerosols on stratospheric ozone is a topic of current interest, especially with the June 15, 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines. Lidar has been used in the past to provide aerosol profiles which could be compared with ozone profiles measured using ozonesondes to look for coincidences between volcanic aerosols and ozone decreases. The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique has the advantages of being able to measure ozone and aerosol profiles simultaneously as well as being able to cover large geographical regions rapidly. While there are problems associated with correcting the ozone profiles for the presence of aerosols, the corrections can be made reliably when the wavelengths are closely spaced and the Bernoulli method is applied. The DIAL measurements considered in this paper are those obtained in the tropical stratosphere in January 1992 during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition (AASE-II). The determination of ozone profiles in the presence of Pinatubo aerosols is discussed in a companion paper.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, Part 1; p 23-26
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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