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  • ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION  (6)
  • tropospheric transport processes  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large-scale transport of a CO-enhanced air mass from Europe to the Middle East (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 9 (1989), S. 479-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Carbon monoxide ; tropospheric transport processes ; trajectory analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract On 14 November 1981, the shuttle-borne Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) experiment observed a carbon monoxide (CO) enhanced air mass in the middle troposphere over the Middle East. The primary source of this polluted air was estimated by constructing adiabatic isentropic trajectories backwards from the MAPS measurement location over a 36 h period. The isentropic diagnostics indicate that CO-enhanced air was transported southeastward over the Mediterranean from an organized synoptic-scale weather regime, albeit of moderate intensity, influencing central Europe on 12 November. Examination of the evolving synoptic scale vertical velocity and precipitation patterns during this period, in conjunction with METEOSAT visible, infrared, and water vapor imagery, suggests that the presence of this disturbed weather system over Europe may have created upward transport of CO-enhanced air between the boundary-layer and midtropospheric levels, and subsequent entrainment in the large-scale northwesterly jet stream flow over Europe and the Mediterranean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114758
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Comparison between carbon monoxide measurements from spaceborne and airborne platforms (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The measurements of air pollution from satellites (MAPS) experiment measured the distribution of middle tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) from the Space Shuttle during October 1984. A critical area of the experiment is the assessment of experimental error of the MAPS data. This error is determined by the comparison between the space-based CO data and concurrent, direct CO measurements taken aboard aircraft. Because of the variability in the CO measurements near land sources, a strategy for comparing the tropospheric CO measurements over the remote oceans is presented.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Canadian Journal of Physics (ISSN 0008-4204); 69; 1128-113
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Vertical profiles of CO and CH4 in the lower and middle troposphere over the Eastern United States January 1978 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Samples of tropospheric air were obtained over the Eastern United States during January of 1978. These samples were analyzed by gas chromatography using flame ionization detection to produce vertical profiles of carbon monoxide and methane from the surface to 8 km. The carbon monoxide mixing ratios at 35 deg N and 45 deg N agree with previously published values; however, the mixing ratio at 25 deg N was significantly lower than most published values. The methane mixing ratio was weakly dependent on latitude and has an average value of 1.64 ppm.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 6; Dec. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Results from the July 1981 Workshop on Passive Remote Sensing of the Troposphere (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Potential roles of passive remote sensors in the study of the chemistry and related dynamics of the lower atmosphere were defined by a Tropospheric Passive Remote Sensing Workshop, and technology advances required to implement these roles were identified. A promising role is in making global-scale, multilayer measurements of the more abundant trace tropospheric gaseous species (e.g., O3, CO, CH4, HNO3) and of aerosol thickness and size distribution. It includes both nadirand limb-viewing measurements. Technology advances focus on both scanning- and fixed-spectra, nadir-viewing techniques with resolutions of 0.1 kaysers or better. Balloon- and Shuttle-borne experiments should be performed to study the effects of instrument noise and background fluctuations on data inversion and to determine the utility of simultaneously obtained nadir- and limb-viewing data.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: AIAA PAPER 82-0207 , Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 11, 1982 - Jan 14, 1982; Orlando, FL
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Remote measurement of pollution from aircraft (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper discusses the problem of the remote measurement of tropospheric air pollution from aircraft platforms. Following a discussion of the energy sources available for passive remote sensing and the location of the absorption bands of the gases, it describes the spectral resolution that would be required and the relative merits of the shorter and longer infrared wavelengths. It then traces the evolution of one instrument concept (the gas filter correlation radiometer) to its present state, and describes flight results that show the technique to be capable of measuring carbon monoxide over water. A new instrument is described that will allow the measurements to be extended to areas over land.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Seminar on Modern utilization of infrared technology II: Civilian and military; Aug 26, 1976 - Aug 27, 1976; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Carbon monoxide measurements in the troposphere (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Approximately 35 hours of radiometric measurements were obtained of the CO mixing ratio in the middle troposphere, upper troposphere, and lower stratosphere, by means of the Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) experiment carried in the OSTA-1 payload of the second Space Shuttle flight. In view of gas filter radiometer data in the 4.67-micron band, gathered over the 38 N-38 S latitude region during both daytime and nighttime, the performance of MAPS was excellent. Significant gradients have been found in the middle tropospheric CO mixing ratio with both latitude and longitude over the North Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Middle East.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Science; 218; Dec. 3
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Regional studies of potential carbon monoxide sources based on Space Shuttle and aircraft measurements (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Carbon monoxide measurements made from the space shuttle show maxima over South America, central Africa, the eastern Mediterranean, and China. The maxima appear to be associated with either concomitant or prior convection in the air masses which carries boundary layer air into the upper troposphere. Previous aircraft measurements of carbon monoxide and ozone over South America are shown to be consistent with this view. In the tropics the three regions of long-term mean rising motion, which form part of the Walker circulation, are associated with elevated carbon monoxide.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry (ISSN 0167-7764); 6; 61-81
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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